Sarcopenia is associated with the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in elderly patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

AIMS/INTRODUCTION:

Diabetes and sarcopenia have a two-way relationship with each other with advanced age. Additionally, malnutrition is correlated with a higher risk of sarcopenia in elderly patients. This study evaluated the association between sarcopenia and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged ≥60 years were recruited from June 2018 to August 2020. This study analyzed 234 patients, who completed a physical performance test required for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. To investigate the effect of GNRI on sarcopenia, logistic regression analyses was used.

RESULTS:

Patients with sarcopenia were significantly older with a lower body mass index (BMI) and GNRI compared with normal patients. The GNRI showed a positive correlation with the skeletal muscle index (SMI) and handgrip strength (SMI: R = 0.486, P < 0.001 for male; R = 0.589, P < 0.001 for female, handgrip strength: R = 0.470, P < 0.001 for male, R = 0.364, P < 0.001 for female). In the multivariate logistic regression model, a higher GNRI was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia in older men and women with diabetes (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.892; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.839-0.948 for male; adjusted OR, 0.928; 95% CI, 0.876-0.982 for female). One year of diabetes treatment improved the GNRI in the sarcopenia group with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

CONCLUSIONS:

A low GNRI was associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Treatment with glucose-lowering drugs improved the GNRI in the sarcopenia group.

• Authors: Shun Matsuura, Koji Shibazaki, Reiko Uchida, Yukiko Imai, Takuya Mukoyama, Shoko Shibata, Hiroshi Morita
• Journal: Journal of diabetes investigation (J Diabetes Investig) Vol. 13 Issue 8 Pg. 1366-1373 (Aug 2022) ISSN: 2040-1124 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 35290727 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes Investigation published by Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Topics

• Aged
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (complications)
• Female
• Geriatric Assessment
• Hand Strength
• Humans
• Logistic Models
• Male
• Nutrition Assessment
• Nutritional Status
• Risk Factors
• Sarcopenia (complications, epidemiology)