For patients with acute
myocardial infarction scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary
stent implantation, in most cases a
drug-eluting stent is recommended as the first choice for treatment. However, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of bare-
metal stents and
drug-eluting stents on patients with different types of
myocardial infarction. Our objective was to explore the effects of bare-
metal stents and
drug-eluting stents on patients with different types of
myocardial infarction in terms of major cardiovascular incidents. This retrospective cohort study included 934 patients with
myocardial infarction undergoing coronary artery
stent implantation for the first time at the
cardiac catheter room of the Tri-Service General Hospital in the Neihu District between 2014 and 2018. Patients' information, including demographic data, laboratory data, cardiac echocardiography results, and angiocardiography results, was collected by reviewing medical records. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to adjust the potential confounding factors, and the adjusted data were then used to compare the correlation between different types of
stents and major cardiovascular incidents in patients with
ST-elevation myocardial infarction and
non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. After the confounding factors were adjusted, in patients with
ST-elevation myocardial infarction receiving a
drug-eluting stent compared with those receiving a bare-
metal stent, it was found that the mortality risk was lower in terms of all causes of death (Adj-HR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.14-0.48, p < 0.001) and cardiogenic death (Adj-HR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.08-0.55, p = 0.002), the risk of non-fatal
myocardial infarction was lower (Adj-HR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.04-0.73, p = 0.017), and there was no difference in the risk of revascularization at the lesion site (Adj-HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.24-1.43, p = 0.243). It terms of the findings in patients with
non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, those receiving a
drug-eluting stent had a lower risk of revascularization at the lesion site (Adj-HR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.24-0.97, p = 0.04); however, there was no difference in the mortality risk in terms of all causes of death (Adj-HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.37-1.35, p = 0.296) or cardiogenic death (Adj-HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.18-1.90, p = 0.379),or in the risk of non-fatal
myocardial infarction (Adj-HR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.06-1.25, p = 0.093). Compared with bare-
metal stents, drug-eluting stents provide better protection against death to receivers with
ST-elevation myocardial infarction; however, this protection is decreased in receivers with
non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. It is recommended that for patients with
non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction who are indicated to receive a
drug-eluting stent, the clinical effectiveness of the treatment must be considered.