Captan is a non-systematic fungicide widely used in agricultural production, and its residues have been found in the environment and daily diet. Previous studies confirmed that
captan exerts several toxic effects on tissues, but its effect on the mammalian female reproductive system is unclear. In current study, we reported that
captan affected mouse ovarian homeostasis and disrupted female
hormone receptor expression, leading to impaired follicular development. Ovarian follicles from the
captan exposure group showed an increased level of
inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. In addition,
captan exposure disrupted oocyte development. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that
captan changed multiple genes expression in oocytes, including autophagy and apoptosis. Further molecular testing showed that
captan induced oxidative stress and
mitochondrial dysfunction, as indicated by the increased level of
reactive oxygen species, disrupted mitochondrial structure and distribution, and depolarized membrane potential. Furthermore,
captan triggered DNA damage, autophagy and early apoptosis, as shown by the enhanced levels of γ-H2AX, LC3, and
Annexin-V and increased expression of related genes. Taken together, these results indicated that
captan exposure impairs ovarian homeostasis and subsequently affects oocyte development.