There is an unmet need for the identification of
biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis, clinical management, prognosis and follow-up of
meningiomas. There is currently no consensus on the optimum management of WHO grade II
meningiomas. In this study, we identified the
calcium binding extracellular matrix
glycoprotein,
Fibulin-2, via mass-spectrometry-based proteomics, assessed its expression in grade I and II
meningiomas and explored its potential as a grade II
biomarker. A total of 87 grade I and 91 grade II different
meningioma cells, tissue and plasma samples were used for the various experimental techniques employed to assess
Fibulin-2 expression. The tumours were reviewed and classified according to the 2016 edition of the Classification of the Tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). Mass spectrometry proteomic analysis identified
Fibulin-2 as a differentially expressed
protein between grade I and II
meningioma cell cultures.
Fibulin-2 levels were further evaluated in
meningioma cells using Western blotting and Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR); in
meningioma tissues via immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR; and in plasma via
Enzyme-Linked
Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Proteomic analyses (p < 0.05), Western blotting (p < 0.05) and RT-qPCR (p < 0.01) confirmed significantly higher
Fibulin-2 (FBLN2) expression levels in grade II
meningiomas compared to grade I.
Fibulin-2 blood plasma levels were also significantly higher in grade II
meningioma patients compared to grade I patients. This study suggests that elevated
Fibulin-2 might be a novel grade II
meningioma biomarker, when differentiating them from the grade I tumours. The trend of
Fibulin-2 expression observed in plasma may serve as a useful non-invasive
biomarker.