NSUN5 Facilitates Viral RNA Recognition by RIG-I Receptor.

Abstract

The RIG-I receptor induces the innate antiviral responses upon sensing RNA viruses. The mechanisms through which RIG-I optimizes the strength of the downstream signaling remain incompletely understood. In this study, we identified that NSUN5 could potentiate the RIG-I innate signaling pathway. Deficiency of NSUN5 enhanced RNA virus proliferation and inhibited the induction of the downstream antiviral genes. Consistently, NSUN5-deficient mice were more susceptible to RNA virus infection than their wild-type littermates. Mechanistically, NSUN5 bound directly to both viral RNA and RIG-I, synergizing the recognition of dsRNA by RIG-I. Collectively, to our knowledge, this study characterized NSUN5 as a novel RIG-I coreceptor, playing a vital role in restricting RNA virus infection.

• Authors: Boyue Sun, Haoyang Zeng, Jiaqian Liang, Lele Zhang, Haiyang Hu, Quanyi Wang, Wei Meng, Chenhui Li, Fuqiang Ye, Chen Wang, Juanjuan Zhu
• Journal: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) (J Immunol) Vol. 205 Issue 12 Pg. 3408-3418 (12 15 2020) ISSN: 1550-6606 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 33177158 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.

Chemical References

• Muscle Proteins
• RNA, Double-Stranded
• RNA, Viral
• Receptors, Immunologic
• Methyltransferases
• NSUN5 protein, human
• Nsun5 protein, mouse
• tRNA Methyltransferases
• DDX58 protein, human
• Ddx58 protein, mouse
• DEAD Box Protein 58

Topics

• Animals
• Chlorocebus aethiops
• DEAD Box Protein 58 (immunology)
• HEK293 Cells
• Humans
• Immunity, Innate
• Methyltransferases (immunology)
• Mice
• Muscle Proteins (immunology)
• RNA Virus Infections (immunology)
• RNA Viruses (immunology)
• RNA, Double-Stranded (immunology)
• RNA, Viral (immunology)
• Receptors, Immunologic (immunology)
• Vero Cells
• tRNA Methyltransferases (immunology)