Zinc Supplementation and Strength Exercise in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes: Akt and PTP1B Phosphorylation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver.

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic disorder caused by chronic hyperglycemia due to a deficiency in the secretion and/or action of insulin. Zinc (Zn) supplementation and strength exercise increases insulin signaling. We evaluate the effect of Zn supplementation and strength exercise on insulin resistance in the liver of rats with diet-induced T2D through the study of phosphorylation of Akt and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Rats were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 18 weeks to induce T2D and then assigned in four experimental groups: HFD, HFD-Zn (Zn), HFD-strength exercise (Ex), and HFD-Zn/strength exercise (ZnEx) and treated during 12 weeks. Serum Zn, lipid profile, transaminases, glucose, and insulin were measured. In the liver with/without insulin stimuli, total and phosphorylated Akt (pAktSer473) and PTP1B (pPTP1BSer50) were determined by western blot. Hepatic steatosis was evaluated by histological staining with red oil and intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content. There were no differences in biochemical and body-related variables. The ZnEx group showed a higher level of pAkt, both with/without insulin. The ZnEx group also showed higher levels of pPTP1B with respect to HFD and Zn groups. The ZnEx group had higher levels of pPTP1B than groups treated with insulin. Liver histology showed a better integrity and less IHTG in Ex and ZnEx with respect to the HFD group. The Ex and ZnEx groups had lower IHTG with respect to the HFD group. Our results showed that Zn supplementation and strength exercise together improved insulin signaling and attenuated nonalcoholic liver disease in a T2D rat model.

• Authors: Ariel Vivero, Manuel Ruz, Matías Rivera, Karen Miranda, Camila Sacristán, Alejandra Espinosa, Juana Codoceo, Jorge Inostroza, Karla Vásquez, Álvaro Pérez, Diego García-Díaz, Miguel Arredondo
• Journal: Biological trace element research (Biol Trace Elem Res) Vol. 199 Issue 6 Pg. 2215-2224 (Jun 2021) ISSN: 1559-0720 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 32939643 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Insulin
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
• Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1
• Ptpn1 protein, rat
• Zinc

Topics

• Animals
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (metabolism)
• Diet, High-Fat
• Dietary Supplements
• Insulin (metabolism)
• Insulin Resistance
• Liver (metabolism)
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (metabolism)
• Phosphorylation
• Physical Conditioning, Animal
• Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 (metabolism)
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (metabolism)
• Rats
• Zinc (metabolism, pharmacology)