Outcomes of Bilateral Cataract Surgery in Infants 7 to 24 Months of Age Using the Toddler Aphakia and Pseudophakia Treatment Study Registry.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

To evaluate outcomes of bilateral cataract surgery in children aged 7 to 24 months and compare rates of adverse events (AEs) with other Toddler Aphakia and Pseudophakia Study (TAPS) registry outcomes.

DESIGN:

Retrospective clinical study at 10 Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) sites. Statistical analyses comparing this cohort with previously reported TAPS registry cohorts.

PARTICIPANTS:

Children enrolled in the TAPS registry between 2004 and 2010.

METHODS:

Children underwent bilateral cataract surgery with or without intraocular lens (IOL) placement at age 7 to 24 months with 5 years of postsurgical follow-up.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Visual acuity (VA), occurrence of strabismus, AEs, and reoperations.

RESULTS:

A total of 40 children (76 eyes) who underwent bilateral cataract surgery with primary posterior capsulectomy were identified with a median age at cataract surgery of 11 months (7-23); 68% received a primary IOL. Recurrent visual axis opacification (VAO) occurred in 7.5% and was associated only with the use of an IOL (odds ratio, 6.10; P = 0.005). Glaucoma suspect (GS) was diagnosed in 2.5%, but no child developed glaucoma. In this bilateral cohort, AEs (8/40, 20%), including glaucoma or GS and VAO, and reoperations occurred in a similar proportion to that of the published unilateral TAPS cohort. When analyzed with children aged 1 to 7 months at bilateral surgery, the incidence of AEs and glaucoma or GS correlated strongly with age at surgery (P = 0.011/0.004) and glaucoma correlated with microcornea (P = 0.040) but not with IOL insertion (P = 0.15).

CONCLUSIONS:

Follow-up to age 5 years after bilateral cataract surgery in children aged 7 to 24 months reveals a low rate of VAO and very rare glaucoma or GS diagnosis compared with infants with cataracts operated at < 7 months of age despite primary IOL implantation in most children in the group aged 7 to 24 months. The use of an IOL increases the risk of VAO irrespective of age at surgery.

• Authors: Erick D Bothun, M Edward Wilson, Kimberly G Yen, Jill S Anderson, Natalie C Weil, Allison R Loh, David Morrison, Sharon F Freedman, David A Plager, Deborah K Vanderveen, Elias I Traboulsi, David O Hodge, Scott R Lambert, Toddler Aphakia and Pseudophakia Study
• Journal: Ophthalmology (Ophthalmology) Vol. 128 Issue 2 Pg. 302-308 (02 2021) ISSN: 1549-4713 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 32679160 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Topics

• Aphakia, Postcataract (epidemiology)
• Cataract (congenital)
• Cataract Extraction
• Child, Preschool
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Glaucoma (diagnosis, etiology)
• Humans
• Infant
• Lens Implantation, Intraocular
• Lenses, Intraocular (adverse effects)
• Male
• Pseudophakia (epidemiology)
• Registries (statistics & numerical data)
• Retrospective Studies
• Treatment Outcome
• Vision Disorders (diagnosis, etiology)
• Visual Acuity (physiology)