This study investigated
lipid alterations in muscle tissues [gastrocnemius (Gas) and soleus (
Sol)] of mice under different diet programs (
weight gain, weight maintenance, weight regain, and controls) by nanoflow ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Since overloaded
lipids in the skeletal muscle tissues by excessive fat accumulation are related to
insulin resistance leading to type II
diabetes mellitus, analysis of
lipid alteration in muscle tissues with respect to high-fat diet (HFD) is important to understand
obesity related diseases. A total of 345 individual
lipid species were identified with their molecular structures, and 184
lipids were quantified by selected reaction monitoring method. Most
triacylglycerol (TG) and
phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) species displayed a significant (>2-fold, p < 0.01) increase in both the Gas and
Sol and to a larger degree in the Gas. However,
lipid classes involved in
insulin resistance and anti-inflammatory response, including
lysophosphatidylcholine (18:0),
diacylglycerol (16:0_18:1, 16:0_18:2, and 18:1_18:1),
ceramide (d18:1/24:0 and d18:1/24:1), and
phosphatidylinositol (18:0/20:4), showed a significant accumulation in the
Sol exclusively after HFD treatment. In addition, the
lipid profiles were not significantly altered in mice that were fed HFD only for the last 4 weeks (
weight gain group), suggesting that consuming HFD in the younger age period can be more effective in the Gas. This study reveals that
lipid classes related to
insulin resistance accumulated more in the
Sol than in the Gas following HFD treatment and the weight regain program perturbed
lipid profiles of the
Sol to a greater extent than that by the other diet programs, confirming that the
Sol tissue is more influenced by HFD than Gas.