Abstract | AIM: METHODS: A total of 3505 patients on hemodialysis aged ≥ 18 years were followed for 10 years. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of each risk factor of sudden death were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: During the 10-year follow-up, 1735 patients died, including 227 (13%) sudden deaths. The incidence rate of sudden death was 9.13 per 1000 person-years. In multivariable-adjusted Cox analysis, male sex (HR 1.67; 95% CI 1.20-2.33), age (HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.26-1.65 per 10-year higher), the presence of diabetes (HR 2.45; 95% CI 1.82-3.29), history of cardiovascular disease (HR 1.85; 95% CI 1.38-2.46), cardiothoracic ratio (HR 1.21; 95% CI 1.07-1.39 per 5% higher), serum C-reactive protein (HR 1.11; 95% CI 1.03-1.20 per 1-mg/dL higher), and serum phosphate (HR 1.15; 95% CI 1.03-1.30 per 1-mg/dL higher) were independent predictors of sudden death. A subgroup analysis stratified by sex or age showed that lower serum corrected calcium levels, not using vitamin D receptor activators in women, and a shorter dialysis session length in men or older people (≥ 65 years) increased the risk for sudden death. CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Hiroto Hiyamuta, Shigeru Tanaka, Masatomo Taniguchi, Masanori Tokumoto, Kiichiro Fujisaki, Toshiaki Nakano, Kazuhiko Tsuruya, Takanari Kitazono |
Journal | Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis
(J Atheroscler Thromb)
Vol. 27
Issue 4
Pg. 306-318
(Apr 01 2020)
ISSN: 1880-3873 [Electronic] Japan |
PMID | 31434843
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Topics |
- Aged
- Cause of Death
- Death, Sudden
(epidemiology)
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Japan
(epidemiology)
- Kidney Failure, Chronic
(epidemiology, mortality, therapy)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- Renal Dialysis
(adverse effects, mortality)
- Survival Rate
- Time Factors
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