The Changing Clinical Spectrum of Hypophysitis.

Abstract

Hypophysitis is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease, characterized by an elevated risk of complications, such as occurrence of acute central hypoadrenalism, persistent hypopituitarism, or extension of the inflammatory process to the neighboring neurological structures. In recent years, a large number of patients have been described as being affected by hypophysitis, due to the increased administration of immuno-chemotherapies. At the present time, the heterogeneous nature of hypophysitis diagnostic criteria and of the treatment protocols makes the management of affected patients difficult. We review the current data and evidence on primary and secondary hypophysitis, in order to suggest a diagnostic and therapeutic protocol that should be focused on a multidisciplinary approach, for reaching a prompt diagnosis and an appropriate and safe treatment.

• Authors: Sabrina Chiloiro, Ettore Domenico Capoluongo, Tommaso Tartaglione, Antonella Giampietro, Antonio Bianchi, Andrea Giustina, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Laura De Marinis
• Journal: Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM (Trends Endocrinol Metab) Vol. 30 Issue 9 Pg. 590-602 (09 2019) ISSN: 1879-3061 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 31345630 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Immunosuppressive Agents

Topics

• Hormone Replacement Therapy (methods)
• Humans
• Hypophysitis (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology)
• Immunosuppressive Agents (therapeutic use)
• Pituitary Gland (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)