Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Analogues in Type 2 Diabetes: Their Use and Differential Features.

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogues/agonists (GLP-1RAs) are well established as effective adjuncts to lifestyle modification in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) as monotherapy or in combination with oral glucose-lowering drugs ± insulin. The six subcutaneous GLP-1RA formulations (i.e. twice-daily exenatide, once-daily liraglutide and lixisenatide, and once-weekly dulaglutide, exenatide and semaglutide) currently available in the EU and USA have many similarities, but also some unique features and properties. By stimulating GLP-1 receptors, GLP-1RAs increase insulin secretion and suppress glucagon release in a glucose-dependent manner, thereby improving clinical and patient-reported outcomes related to glycaemic control and weight. They also have been shown to reduce, or at least not increase, the risk of major cardiovascular outcomes. GLP-1RAs are generally well tolerated, with gastrointestinal and injection-site reactions being the most troublesome drug-related adverse events, and are associated with a very low intrinsic risk of hypoglycaemia. Treatment with GLP-1RAs should be customized to meet the clinical needs and personal preferences of the individual.

• Authors: Katherine A Lyseng-Williamson
• Journal: Clinical drug investigation (Clin Drug Investig) Vol. 39 Issue 8 Pg. 805-819 (Aug 2019) ISSN: 1179-1918 [Electronic] New Zealand
• PMID: 31317516 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
• Glycated Hemoglobin A
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Insulin

Topics

• Administration, Oral
• Blood Glucose (drug effects)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (drug therapy)
• Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor (agonists)
• Glycated Hemoglobin (analysis)
• Humans
• Hypoglycemia (chemically induced)
• Hypoglycemic Agents (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Injections, Subcutaneous
• Insulin (therapeutic use)