Astaxanthin Complexes to Attenuate Muscle Damage after In Vivo Femoral Ischemia-Reperfusion.

Abstract

(1) Background: Reperfusion injury refers to the cell and tissue damage induced, when blood flow is restored after an ischemic period. While reperfusion reestablishes oxygen supply, it generates a high concentration of radicals, resulting in tissue dysfunction and damage. Here, we aimed to challenge and achieve the potential of a delivery system based on astaxanthin, a natural antioxidant, in attenuating the muscle damage in an animal model of femoral hind-limb ischemia and reperfusion. (2) Methods: The antioxidant capacity and non-toxicity of astaxanthin was validated before and after loading into a polysaccharide scaffold. The capacity of astaxanthin to compensate stress damages was also studied after ischemia induced by femoral artery clamping and followed by varied periods of reperfusion. (3) Results: Histological evaluation showed a positive labeling for CD68 and CD163 macrophage markers, indicating a remodeling process. In addition, higher levels of Nrf2 and NQO1 expression in the sham group compared to the antioxidant group could reflect a reduction of the oxidative damage after 15 days of reperfusion. Furthermore, non-significant differences were observed in non-heme iron deposition in both groups, reflecting a cell population susceptible to free radical damage. (4) Conclusions: Our results suggest that the in situ release of an antioxidant molecule could be effective in improving the antioxidant defenses of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-damaged muscles.

• Authors: Marisol Zuluaga Tamayo, Laurence Choudat, Rachida Aid-Launais, Olivier Thibaudeau, Liliane Louedec, Didier Letourneur, Virginie Gueguen, Anne Meddahi-Pellé, Anne Couvelard, Graciela Pavon-Djavid
• Journal: Marine drugs (Mar Drugs) Vol. 17 Issue 6 (Jun 14 2019) ISSN: 1660-3397 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 31207871 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antioxidants
• Xanthophylls
• astaxanthine

Topics

• 3T3 Cells
• Animals
• Antioxidants (pharmacology)
• Cell Line
• Disease Models, Animal
• Macrophages (drug effects)
• Male
• Mice
• Muscle, Skeletal (drug effects)
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Rats
• Reperfusion Injury (drug therapy)
• Xanthophylls (pharmacology)