Frequency and characteristics of short versus longitudinally extensive myelitis in adults with MOG antibodies: A retrospective multicentric study.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

We aim to (1) determine the frequency and distinctive features of short myelitis (SM) and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) in a cohort of adults with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody (Ab)-associated myelitis and (2) determine baseline prognostic factors among MOG-Ab-positive patients whose disease started with myelitis.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

We retrospectively analyzed clinical and paraclinical variables from a multicentric French cohort of adults with MOG-Ab-associated myelitis. At last follow-up, patients were classified into two groups according to the severity of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) as ⩽2.5 or ⩾3.0.

RESULTS:

Seventy-three patients with at least one episode of myelitis over disease course were included; among them, 28 (38.4%) presented with SM at the time of the first myelitis. Motor and sphincter involvement was less frequently observed in SM (51.9% and 48.2%, respectively) than in LETM patients (83.3% and 78.6%, respectively), p = 0.007 and p = 0.017; 61% of LETM patients displayed brain lesions compared to 28.6% in the SM group, p = 0.008, and the thoracic segment was more frequently involved in the LETM (82.2%) than in the SM group (39.3%), p < 0.001. EDSS at last follow-up was higher in LETM (median 3.0 (interquartile range: 2.0-4.0)) compared to SM patients (2.0, (1.0-3.0)), p = 0.042. Finally, a higher EDSS at onset was identified as the only independent risk factor for EDSS ⩾3.0 (odds ratio, 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.95, p = 0.046).

CONCLUSION:

SM in MOG-Ab-associated disease is not rare. The severity at onset was the only independent factor related to the final prognosis in MOG-Ab-associated myelitis.

• Authors: Jonathan Ciron, Alvaro Cobo-Calvo, Bertrand Audoin, Bertrand Bourre, David Brassat, Mikael Cohen, Nicolas Collongues, Romain Deschamps, Françoise Durand-Dubief, David Laplaud, Elisabeth Maillart, Caroline Papeix, Hélène Zephir, Matthieu Bereau, Bruno Brochet, Clarisse Carra-Dallière, Nathalie Derache, Clarisse Gagou-Scherer, Carole Henry, Philippe Kerschen, Guillaume Mathey, Nicolas Maubeuge, Aude Maurousset, Alexis Montcuquet, Thibault Moreau, Christophe Prat, Frédéric Taithe, Eric Thouvenot, Ayman Tourbah, Fabien Rollot, Sandra Vukusic, Romain Marignier
• Journal: Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) (Mult Scler) Vol. 26 Issue 8 Pg. 936-944 (07 2020) ISSN: 1477-0970 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 31148523 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study)

Chemical References

• Autoantibodies
• MOG protein, human
• Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Autoantibodies
• Disease Progression
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (immunology)
• Myelitis (diagnosis, immunology, pathology, physiopathology)
• Prognosis
• Registries
• Retrospective Studies
• Severity of Illness Index
• Young Adult