Cerebral venous
sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon subtype of
stroke with highly variable clinical presentation. Although anticoagulation with
heparin and/or
warfarin remains the standard treatment for CVST, treatment failure is still common. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of
Batroxobin in combination with anticoagulation on CVST control. In this retrospective study, a total of 61 CVST patients were enrolled and divided into
Batroxobin (n = 23) and control (n = 38) groups. In addition to the same standard anticoagulation in control, patients in the treatment group received
Batroxobin 5 BU
intravenous infusion (10 BU for the first time) every other day, for a total of three infusions. A higher recanalization rate was found in
Batroxobin group (adjusted OR [95% CI] of 2.5 [1.1-5.0], p = 0.028) compared to the control group, especially in patients with high levels of
fibrinogen (adjusted OR [95% CI] of 4.7 [1.4-16.7], p = 0.015). Statistically significant differences between the two groups were seen regarding the levels of thrombin time,
fibrinogen and
D-dimer at each cut-off time point (all p < 0.01). Compared with baseline, NIHSS scores at discharge showed significant improvement in the
Batroxobin group [0(0, 4.25)-5(2, 11), p = 0.036]. No significant difference in mRS scores was found between the two groups at discharge or at 6-month outpatient follow-up (all p > 0.05). Additionally,
Batroxobin did not increase the risk of
intracranial hemorrhage. We conclude that
Batroxobin is a potentially safe and effective adjunct therapeutic agent promoting CVST recanalization especially in patients with high level of
fibrinogen.