CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and their receptor (CXCR3) in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.

Abstract

The aim of this review is to present data from the available literature concerning CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11, as well as their receptor 3 (CXCR3) in selected diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), such as tickborne encephalitis (TBE), neuroborreliosis (NB), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 lack glutamic acid-leucine-arginine (ELR), and are unique, because they are more closely related to each other than to any other chemokine. The aforementioned chemokines are especially involved in Th1-type response and in various diseases, as their expression correlates with the tissue infiltration of T cells. Their production is strongly induced by interferon gamma (IFN-υ), the most typical Th1 cytokine. They act by binding to the CXC3 receptor. Knowledge about the action mechanism of CXCR3 and its ligands may be useful in the treatment of CNS diseases. However, data in the literature concerning the evaluation of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and their receptor with the use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method is limited.

• Authors: Olga M Koper, Joanna Kamińska, Karol Sawicki, Halina Kemona
• Journal: Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University (Adv Clin Exp Med) Vol. 27 Issue 6 Pg. 849-856 (Jun 2018) ISSN: 1899-5276 [Print] Poland
• PMID: 29893515 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• CXCL10 protein, human
• CXCL11 protein, human
• CXCL9 protein, human
• CXCR3 protein, human
• Chemokine CXCL10
• Chemokine CXCL11
• Chemokine CXCL9
• Chemokines
• Receptors, CXCR3

Topics

• Central Nervous System Diseases (immunology)
• Chemokine CXCL10 (biosynthesis)
• Chemokine CXCL11 (biosynthesis)
• Chemokine CXCL9 (biosynthesis)
• Chemokines (biosynthesis)
• Humans
• Nerve Degeneration (immunology)
• Neurodegenerative Diseases (immunology)
• Receptors, CXCR3 (biosynthesis)