Occurrence of halogenated and organophosphate flame retardants in sediment and fish samples from three European river basins.
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| Abstract |
Classic (polybromodiphenyl ethers, PBDEs) and emerging halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) such as decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and halogenated norbornenes, as well as organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) were analysed in 52 sediments and 27 fish samples from three European river basins, namely the Evrotas (Greece), the Adige (Italy) and the Sava (Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia). This is the first time that FR levels have been reported in these three European river basins. The highest contamination was found in the Adige and Sava rivers, whereas lower values were obtained for the Evrotas. The levels in sediment samples ranged between 0.25 and 34.0ng/g dw, and between 0.31 and 549ng/g dw, for HFRs and OPFRs respectively. As regards levels in fish, concentrations ranged between 9.32 and 461ng/g lw and between 14.4 and 650ng/g lw, for HFRs and OPFRs, respectively. Thus, whereas OPFR values were higher in sediments, similar concentrations (in the Evrotas) and even lower concentrations than HFRs (Sava) were found for OPFRs in the fish samples, indicating the lower bioaccumulation potential of OPFRs. Biota to sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) were calculated and higher values were obtained for HFRs compared to those assessed for OPFRs.
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| Authors | Monica Giulivo, Ettore Capri, Eleni Kalogianni, Radmila Milacic, Bruno Majone, Federico Ferrari, Ethel Eljarrat, Damià Barceló |
| Journal | The Science of the total environment (Sci Total Environ) Vol. 586 Pg. 782-791 (May 15 2017) ISSN: 1879-1026 [Electronic] Netherlands |
| PMID | 28215802 (Publication Type: Journal Article) |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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