Objective To determine if standardization of perioperative
tracheostomy care procedures decreased the incidence of hospital-acquired
tracheostomy-related
pressure ulcers. Methods All patients at least 18 years old who underwent placement of a
tracheostomy tube in the operating room from July 1, 2014, through June 30, 2015, were cared for postoperatively through an institutionally adopted quality improvement protocol. This included 4 elements: (1) placement of a
hydrocolloid dressing underneath the
tracheostomy flange in the postoperative period, (2) removal of plate
sutures within 7 days of the
tracheostomy procedure, (3) placement of a
polyurethane foam dressing after
suture removal, and (4) neutral positioning of the head. One year after the bundle was initiated, a retrospective analysis was performed to compare the percentage of
tracheostomy patients who developed
pressure ulcers versus the preintervention period. Results The incidence of
tracheostomy-related
pressure ulcers decreased from 20 of 183
tracheostomies (10.93%) prior to use of the standardized protocol to 2 of 155
tracheostomies (1.29%). Chi-square analysis showed a significant difference between the groups, with a P value of .0003. Discussion Adoption of this
care bundle at our institution resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of hospital-acquired
tracheostomy-related
pressure ulcers. The impact of any single intervention within our protocol was not assessed and could be an area of further investigation. Implications for Practice Adoption of a standardized posttracheostomy
care bundle at the institution level may result in the improved care of patients with
tracheostomies and specifically may reduce the incidence of
pressure ulcers.