Allergic contact dermatitis potential of 3 pyridostigmine bromide transdermal drug delivery formulations.

Abstract

Pyridostigmine bromide (PB) delivered transdermally may be a useful pretreatment for organophosphate poisoning. PB transdermal formulations were developed since this route has the potential to provide a more constant, prolonged and therapeutically-effective drug level in the body. Guinea pig skin sensitization studies, using a variation of the split adjuvant technique, were conducted with various PB transdermal formulations as part of a safety evaluation profile. 3 gel matrix formulations were tested. The 3 formulations contained 50% PB, 30% PB with 0.198% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and 30% PB with 0.21% of a proprietary surfactant (PS), respectively. SLS and the proprietary surfactant were added to the formulations as dermal penetration enhancers. 9 groups of 10 animals were induced and challenged with 1 of the 3 PB or PB/surfactant formulations (3 groups per formulation). In addition, 2 groups of 10 animals were included in the study as positive controls that were induced and challenged with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). 44% of the animals responded positively at challenge to 50% PB. 80% of the animals responded positively at challenge to 30% PB/0.198% SLS and 82% of the animals had positive responses at challenge to 30% PB/0.21% PS. This study demonstrates that PB is a potential contact sensitizer that shows a potentiated response in the presence of surfactants.

• Authors: G L Harris, H I Maibach
• Journal: Contact dermatitis (Contact Dermatitis) Vol. 21 Issue 3 Pg. 189-93 (Sep 1989) ISSN: 0105-1873 [Print] England
• PMID: 2791544 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
• Pyridostigmine Bromide

Topics

• Administration, Cutaneous
• Animals
• Dermatitis, Contact (etiology)
• Guinea Pigs
• Pyridostigmine Bromide (adverse effects, immunology)
• Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (adverse effects, immunology)