Genetic Variations of Circulating Adiponectin Levels Modulate Changes in Appetite in Response to Weight-Loss Diets.

Abstract

Context:

Adiponectin plays key roles in regulating appetite and food intake.

Objective:

To investigate interactions between the genetic risk score (GRS) for adiponectin levels and weight-loss diets varying in macronutrient intake on long-term changes in appetite and adiponectin levels.

Design, Setting, and Participants:

A GRS was calculated based on 5 adiponectin-associated variants in 692 overweight adults from the 2-year Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial.

Main Outcome Measures:

Repeated measurements of plasma adiponectin levels and appetite-related traits, including cravings, fullness, prospective consumption, and hunger.

Results:

Dietary fat showed nominally significant interactions with the adiponectin GRS on changes in appetite score and prospective consumption from baseline to 6 months (P for interaction = 0.014 and 0.017, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, baseline body mass index, and baseline respective outcome values. The GRS for lower adiponectin levels was associated with a greater decrease in appetite (P < 0.001) and prospective consumption (P = 0.008) among participants consuming a high-fat diet, whereas no significant associations were observed in the low-fat group. Additionally, a significant interaction was observed between the GRS and dietary fat on 6-month changes in adiponectin levels (P for interaction = 0.021). The lower GRS was associated with a greater increase in adiponectin in the low-fat group (P = 0.02), but it was not associated with adiponectin changes in the high-fat group (P = 0.31).

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that individuals with varying genetic architecture of circulating adiponectin may respond divergently in appetite and adiponectin levels to weight-loss diets varying in fat intake.

• Authors: Wenjie Ma, Tao Huang, Yoriko Heianza, Tiange Wang, Dianjianyi Sun, Jenny Tong, Donald A Williamson, George A Bray, Frank M Sacks, Lu Qi
• Journal: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (J Clin Endocrinol Metab) Vol. 102 Issue 1 Pg. 316-325 (01 01 2017) ISSN: 1945-7197 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 27841942 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2017 by the Endocrine Society

Chemical References

• ADIPOQ protein, human
• Adiponectin
• Biomarkers

Topics

• Adiponectin (blood, genetics)
• Adult
• Appetite (drug effects, physiology)
• Biomarkers (analysis)
• Diet, Reducing
• Early Medical Intervention
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease
• Genotype
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Overweight (blood, drug therapy, genetics)
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide (genetics)
• Prognosis
• Weight Loss (drug effects, genetics)