GIFT-1, a phase IIa clinical trial to test the safety and efficacy of IFNγ administration in FRDA patients.

Abstract

Friedreich's ataxia is an autosomal recessive progressive degenerative disorder caused by deficiency of the protein frataxin. The most common genetic cause is a homozygotic expansion of GAA triplets within intron 1 of the frataxin gene leading to impaired transcription. Preclinical in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that interferon gamma (IFNγ) is able to up-regulate the expression of frataxin gene in multiple cell types. We designed a phase IIa clinical trial, the first in Italy, aimed at assessing both safety and tolerability of IFNγ in Friedreich's patients and ability to increase frataxin levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Nine patients (6 female and 3 males aged 21-38 years) with genetically confirmed disease were given 3 subcutaneous escalating doses (100, 150 and 200 μg) of IFNγ (human recombinant interferon 1 b gamma, trade name IMUKIN(®)), over 4 weeks. The primary end-point was the assessment of the safety and tolerability of IFNγ by means of standard clinical and hematological criteria. The secondary end-point was the detection of changes of frataxin levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after each single escalating dose of the drug. IFNγ was generally well tolerated, the main adverse event was hyperthermia/fever. Although, increases in frataxin levels could be detected in a minority of patients, these changes were not significant. A large phase III multicenter, randomized clinical trial with IFNγ in Friedreich's ataxia patients is currently ongoing. This study is expected to conclusively address the clinical efficacy of IFNγ therapy in patients with Friedreich's ataxia.

• Authors: Christian Marcotulli, Silvia Fortuni, Gaetano Arcuri, Barbara Tomassini, Luca Leonardi, Francesco Pierelli, Roberto Testi, Carlo Casali
• Journal: Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology (Neurol Sci) Vol. 37 Issue 3 Pg. 361-4 (Mar 2016) ISSN: 1590-3478 [Electronic] Italy
• PMID: 26621361 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Phase II, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Iron-Binding Proteins
• Neuroprotective Agents
• Recombinant Proteins
• frataxin
• interferon gamma-1b
• Interferon-gamma

Topics

• Adult
• Blood Chemical Analysis
• Drug Administration Schedule
• Female
• Friedreich Ataxia (blood, drug therapy)
• Humans
• Interferon-gamma (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Iron-Binding Proteins (blood)
• Italy
• Male
• Neuroprotective Agents (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Recombinant Proteins (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Treatment Outcome
• Young Adult