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Arginase inhibition: a new treatment for preventing progression of established diabetic nephropathy.

Abstract
Our previous publication showed that inhibition of arginase prevents the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, identification of targets that retard the progression of established DN-which is more clinically relevant-is lacking. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that arginase inhibition would prevent the progression of established DN. Effects of arginase inhibition were compared with treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril, a current standard of care in DN. Experiments were conducted in Ins2(Akita) mice treated with the arginase inhibitor S-(2-boronoethyl)-l-cysteine (BEC) or captopril starting at 6 wk of age for 12 wk (early treatment) or starting at 12 wk of age for 6 wk (late treatment). Early and late treatment with BEC resulted in protection from DN as indicated by reduced albuminuria, histological changes, kidney macrophage infiltration, urinary thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, and restored nephrin expression, kidney nitrate/nitrite, kidney endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation, and renal medullary blood flow compared with vehicle-treated Ins2(Akita) mice at 18 wk of age. Interestingly, early treatment with captopril reduced albuminuria, histological changes, and kidney macrophage infiltration without affecting the other parameters, but late treatment with captopril was ineffective. These findings highlight the importance of arginase inhibition as a new potential therapeutic intervention in both early and late stages of diabetic renal injury.
AuthorsHanning You, Ting Gao, Timothy K Cooper, Sidney M Morris Jr, Alaa S Awad
JournalAmerican journal of physiology. Renal physiology (Am J Physiol Renal Physiol) Vol. 309 Issue 5 Pg. F447-55 (Sep 01 2015) ISSN: 1522-1466 [Electronic] United States
PMID26041444 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
CopyrightCopyright © 2015 the American Physiological Society.
Chemical References
  • (2-boronoethyl)-cysteine
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Boronic Acids
  • Captopril
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
  • Arginase
Topics
  • Albuminuria (drug therapy, metabolism)
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (therapeutic use)
  • Animals
  • Arginase (antagonists & inhibitors)
  • Boronic Acids (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
  • Captopril (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
  • Diabetic Nephropathies (drug therapy, metabolism)
  • Disease Progression
  • Kidney (drug effects, metabolism)
  • Mice
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III (metabolism)
  • Phosphorylation
  • Treatment Outcome

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