Uterine
leiomyoma is the most common benign tumour occurring in women in the reproductive age. It is typically found during the middle and later reproductive years. The prevalence quoted in literature ranges from 20-50% based on post mortem studies. The symptoms usually reported by women with
fibroids are the following: abnormal gynaecologic haemorrhage, chronic
pelvic pain,
dyspareunia, as well as urinary and bowel symptoms, urinary frequency or retention and, in some cases,
infertility. During pregnancy,
premature labor might be caused, interfering with the position of the fetus or abortion could be induced. However, only 30% of the women develop symptoms, most of them being asymptomatic. It was proved that the factors that can cause
fibroids are the following: genetic, hormonal, and
growth factors, especially transforming the
growth factor beta (TGFb)-related cellular changes. As diagnosis tools, studies are revealing that ultrasound has been shown to be an insufficient method of
myoma mapping, and magnetic resonance imaging should be preferred for surgical
therapy planning. The contour of the endometrial cavity is delineated by using trans vaginal ultrasound and saline infusion hysterosonography, but hysteroscopy is the gold standard to evaluate the uterine cavity.