Clinical features of methamphetamine-induced paranoia and preliminary genetic association with DBH-1021C→T in a Thai treatment cohort.

Abstract

AIMS:

To explore the clinical features of methamphetamine-induced paranoia (MIP) and associations between MIP and a genetic polymorphism in dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH-1021C→T).

DESIGN:

Retrospective analysis of clinical presentation and genetic association by χ(2) test and logistic regression analysis.

SETTING:

A Thai substance abuse treatment center.

PARTICIPANTS:

A total of 727 methamphetamine-dependent (MD) individuals.

MEASUREMENTS:

Clinical: Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA) and the Methamphetamine Experience Questionnaire (MEQ). Genetic: DBH-1021C→T.

FINDINGS:

Forty per cent of individuals (289 of 727; 39.8%) with MD had MIP. Within-binge latency to MIP onset occurred more rapidly in the most recent compared with initial MIP episode (P = 0.02), despite unchanging intake (P = 0.89). Individuals with MIP were significantly less likely to carry lower (TT/CT) compared with higher (CC) activity genotypes (34.3 versus 43.3%; χ(2) 1  = 5, P = 0.03). DBH effects were confirmed [odds ratio (OR) = 0.7, P = 0.04] after controlling for associated clinical variables (MD severity, OR = 3.4, P < 0.001; antisocial personality disorder, OR = 2.2, P < 0.001; alcohol dependence, OR = 1.4, P = 0.05; and nicotine dependence, OR = 1.4, P = 0.06). TT/CT carriers were more likely to initiate cigarette smoking (OR = 3.9, P = 0.003) and probably less likely to be dependent on alcohol (OR = 0.6, P = 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Among methamphetamine-dependent individuals, paranoia appears to occur increasingly rapidly in the course of a session of methamphetamine use. Severity of methamphetamine dependence and antisocial personality disorder predicts methamphetamine-induced paranoia. The genetic polymorphism in dopamine β-hydroxylase is associated with methamphetamine-induced paranoia and influences smoking initiation.

• Authors: Rasmon Kalayasiri, Viroj Verachai, Joel Gelernter, Apiwat Mutirangura, Robert T Malison
• Journal: Addiction (Abingdon, England) (Addiction) Vol. 109 Issue 6 Pg. 965-76 (Jun 2014) ISSN: 1360-0443 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 24521142 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2014 Society for the Study of Addiction.

Chemical References

• Methamphetamine
• Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Amphetamine-Related Disorders (genetics, rehabilitation)
• Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase (genetics)
• Female
• Genetic Association Studies
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease (genetics)
• Genotype
• Humans
• Male
• Methamphetamine (toxicity)
• Middle Aged
• Paranoid Disorders (chemically induced, genetics)
• Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length (genetics)
• Psychoses, Substance-Induced (genetics, rehabilitation)
• Thailand
• Young Adult