Two hundred living donor kidney transplantations under alemtuzumab induction and tacrolimus monotherapy: 3-year follow-up.

Abstract

Alemtuzumab has been used in off-label studies of solid organ transplantation. We extend our report of the first 200 consecutive living donor solitary kidney transplantations under alemtuzumab pretreatment with tacrolimus monotherapy and subsequent spaced weaning to 3 years of follow-up. We focused especially on the causes of recipient death and graft loss, and the characteristics of rejection. The actuarial 1-, 2- and 3-year patient and graft survivals were 99.0% and 98.0%, 96.4% and 90.8% and 93.3% and 86.3%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of acute cellular rejection (ACR) at the following months was 2%</=6, 9.0%</=12, 16.5%</=18, 19.5%</=24, 23.5%</=30, 24.0%</=36 and 25%</=42. The mean serum creatinine (mg/dL) and glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m(2)) at 1 and 3 years were 1.4 +/- 0.6 and 58.7 +/- 21.6 and 1.5 +/- 0.7 and 54.9 +/- 20.9, respectively. Fifty (25%) recipients had a total of 89 episodes of ACR. About 88.7% of ACR episodes were Banff 1, and of those, 82% were steroid-sensitive. Nine (4.5%) recipients had antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). About 76.5% were weaned but only 46% are currently on spaced dose (qod or less) tacrolimus monotherapy, and 94.4% remained steroid-free from the time of transplantation. Infectious complications were uncommon. This experience suggests the 3-year efficacy of this approach.

• Authors: H P Tan, J Donaldson, A Basu, M Unruh, P Randhawa, V Sharma, C Morgan, J McCauley, C Wu, N Shah, A Zeevi, R Shapiro
• Journal: American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons (Am J Transplant) Vol. 9 Issue 2 Pg. 355-66 (Feb 2009) ISSN: 1600-6143 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 19120078 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Antibodies, Neoplasm
• Antineoplastic Agents
• Immunosuppressive Agents
• Alemtuzumab
• Creatinine
• Tacrolimus

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Alemtuzumab
• Antibodies, Monoclonal (therapeutic use)
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Antibodies, Neoplasm (therapeutic use)
• Antineoplastic Agents (therapeutic use)
• Creatinine (analysis)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Glomerular Filtration Rate
• Graft Rejection (epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Graft Survival (physiology)
• Humans
• Immunosuppressive Agents (therapeutic use)
• Infant
• Kidney Transplantation
• Laparoscopy
• Living Donors
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Nephrectomy
• Remission Induction
• Tacrolimus (therapeutic use)
• Time Factors
• Transplantation Conditioning
• Treatment Outcome
• Young Adult