Abstract | PURPOSE: METHODS: All drugs were administered intraperitoneally to adult male ddY mice. To assess the general anesthetic components, two endpoints were used. One was loss of the righting reflex (LORR; as a measure of unconsciousness) and the other was loss of movement in response to tail-clamp stimulation (as a measure of immobility). RESULTS: Large doses of MK-801 alone (10-50 mg.kg(-1)) induced neither LORR nor immobility in response to noxious stimulation. However, even a small dose (0.2 mgxkg(-1)) significantly enhanced gabaculine-induced LORR (P < 0.05), although gabaculine in combination with MK-801 (0.2-10 mgxkg(-1)) produced no immobility. However, gabaculine plus a subanesthetic dose of ketamine (30 mgxkg(-1)), which acts on NMDA, opioid and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and neuronal Na(+) channels, suppressed the pain response, but did not achieve a full effect. Ketamine alone dose-dependently produced both LORR and immobility. CONCLUSION:
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Authors | Masahiro Irifune, Sohtaro Katayama, Tohru Takarada, Yoshitaka Shimizu, Chie Endo, Takashi Takata, Katsuya Morita, Toshihiro Dohi, Tomoaki Sato, Michio Kawahara |
Journal | Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie
(Can J Anaesth)
Vol. 54
Issue 12
Pg. 998-1005
(Dec 2007)
ISSN: 0832-610X [Print] United States |
PMID | 18056209
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Neuroprotective Agents
- Receptors, GABA
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
- gabaculine
- Dizocilpine Maleate
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Topics |
- Anesthesia, General
- Animals
- Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids
(pharmacology)
- Dizocilpine Maleate
(pharmacology)
- Drug Synergism
- Enzyme Inhibitors
(pharmacology)
- Male
- Mice
- Movement
(drug effects)
- Neuroprotective Agents
(pharmacology)
- Receptors, GABA
(drug effects, physiology)
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
(drug effects, physiology)
- Reflex
(drug effects)
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