Characterization of the acute pancreatitis induced by secretory phospholipases A2 in rats.

Abstract

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas characterized by local inflammation and extrapancreatic effects such as lung injury. Secretory phospholipases A(2) (PLA(2)s) have been implicated in triggering AP, but their exact role to evoke AP is largely unknown. Therefore, we have tested the ability of sPLA(2)s to induce AP in rats, using venom sPLA(2)s with residual or high enzymatic activity (bothropstoxin-II and Naja mocambique mocambique venom PLA(2), respectively), as well as sPLA(2) devoid of catalytic activity (piratoxin-I). The injection of Naja m. mocambique venom PLA(2), bothropstoxin-II or piratoxin-I (300 microg/kg each) into the common bile duct increased significantly the pancreatic plasma extravasation and myeloperoxidase activity. The lung myeloperoxidase and serum amylase were also increased for all groups, although the Naja mocambique mocambique venom PLA(2) induced higher lung myeloperoxidase and serum amylase values, compared with piratoxin-I and/or bothropstoxin-II. Histopathology of pancreas and lungs in piratoxin-I-injected rats showed interstitial oedema in both tissues, and neutrophil infiltration with acinar cell necrosis in pancreas. In conclusion, sPLA(2)s induce AP in rats and the catalytic activity is not essential to induce the local effects in pancreas, although it appears to contribute partly to the remote lung injury.

• Authors: Enilton A Camargo, Laura C M Esquisatto, Marcelo A Esquisatto, Maria Teresa C P Ribela, Adélia C Cintra, José R Giglio, Edson Antunes, Elen C T Landucci
• Journal: Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology (Toxicon) Vol. 46 Issue 8 Pg. 921-6 (Dec 15 2005) ISSN: 0041-0101 [Print] England
• PMID: 16263148 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Crotalid Venoms
• Elapid Venoms
• Reptilian Proteins
• Peroxidase
• piratoxin I
• Phospholipases A
• Group II Phospholipases A2
• bothropstoxin II
• Amylases

Topics

• Amylases (blood)
• Analysis of Variance
• Animals
• Crotalid Venoms
• Elapid Venoms (chemistry, toxicity)
• Group II Phospholipases A2
• Lung (drug effects, pathology)
• Pancreas (drug effects, pathology)
• Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing (chemically induced)
• Peroxidase (metabolism)
• Phospholipases A (chemistry, toxicity)
• Rats
• Reptilian Proteins