Intracerebral transplantation of porcine choroid plexus provides structural and functional neuroprotection in a rodent model of stroke.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Choroid plexus (CP) secretes a cocktail of neurotrophic factors. In the present study, CP from neonatal pigs was encapsulated within alginate microcapsules for in vitro and in vivo neuroprotective studies.

METHODS:

In vitro studies involved serum deprivation of rat embryonic cortical neurons and treatment with a range of concentrations of conditioned media from CP. For in vivo studies, rats received a 1-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by intracranial transplantation of encapsulated or unencapsulated CP, empty capsules, or no transplant. Behavioral testing was conducted on days 1 to 3 after transplantation. Cerebral infarction was analyzed using 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride staining at 3 days after transplantation.

RESULTS:

Conditioned media from CP produced a significant dose-dependent protection of serum-deprived cortical neurons. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed secretion of GDNF, BDNF, and NGF from CP. Parallel in vivo studies showed that CP transplants improved behavioral performance and decreased the volume of infarction. Both encapsulated and unencapsulated CP transplants were effective; however, more robust benefits accompanied encapsulated transplants.

CONCLUSIONS:

These data are the first to demonstrate the neuroprotective potential of transplanted CP and raise the intriguing possibility of using these cells as part of the treatment regimen for stroke and other neurological disorders.

• Authors: Cesar V Borlongan, Steve J M Skinner, Marilyn Geaney, Alfred V Vasconcellos, Robert B Elliott, Dwaine F Emerich
• Journal: Stroke (Stroke) Vol. 35 Issue 9 Pg. 2206-10 (Sep 2004) ISSN: 1524-4628 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 15284450 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Alginates
• Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
• Culture Media, Conditioned
• Gdnf protein, rat
• Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
• Hexuronic Acids
• Nerve Growth Factors
• Glucuronic Acid
• Nerve Growth Factor

Topics

• Alginates
• Animals
• Animals, Newborn
• Brain Tissue Transplantation
• Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (metabolism)
• Cell Death
• Cells, Cultured (cytology, drug effects)
• Cerebral Cortex (cytology)
• Cerebral Infarction (etiology, pathology)
• Choroid Plexus (metabolism)
• Culture Media, Conditioned (pharmacology)
• Drug Compounding
• Female
• Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
• Gliosis (etiology)
• Glucuronic Acid
• Hexuronic Acids
• Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery (pathology, surgery)
• Male
• Motor Activity
• Nerve Growth Factor (metabolism)
• Nerve Growth Factors (metabolism)
• Neurons (cytology, drug effects)
• Random Allocation
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Sus scrofa
• Transplantation, Heterologous
• Transplantation, Heterotopic