Abstract | BACKGROUND: Despite the well-documented efficacy and different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of different forms of nicotine replacement therapy, empirical data are insufficient to guide practitioners in selecting a particular form of treatment for individual patients with tobacco dependence. OBJECTIVE: DESIGN: Randomized, open-label clinical trial with a 6-month follow-up period. SETTING: 2 university-based smoking cessation research programs. PARTICIPANTS: 299 treatment-seeking smokers who were followed for 6 months after the target quit date. INTERVENTION: MEASUREMENTS: Demographic characteristics, smoking history, depression symptoms, and body mass index were measured at baseline. Smoking practices were biochemically verified at the end of treatment and at 6 months after the target quit date. RESULTS: Abstinence rates for the transdermal nicotine and nicotine nasal spray groups were not significantly different at 6-month follow-up (15.0% vs. 12.2%, respectively; P > 0.2). Interactions in abstinence rates for subgroups of smokers were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Smokers who had low to moderate dependence levels, were not obese, and were white achieved higher abstinence rates with transdermal nicotine, whereas smokers who were highly dependent, obese, or members of minority groups achieved higher abstinence rates with nasal spray. LIMITATIONS: The subgroup findings need confirmation in additional large studies before they are routinely applied. CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Caryn Lerman, Vyga Kaufmann, Margaret Rukstalis, Freda Patterson, Kenneth Perkins, Janet Audrain-McGovern, Neal Benowitz |
Journal | Annals of internal medicine
(Ann Intern Med)
Vol. 140
Issue 6
Pg. 426-33
(Mar 16 2004)
ISSN: 1539-3704 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 15023708
(Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
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Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Administration, Cutaneous
- Administration, Intranasal
- Adult
- Behavior Therapy
- Cotinine
(therapeutic use)
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Nicotine
(administration & dosage)
- Obesity
(complications)
- Smoking Cessation
(methods)
- Socioeconomic Factors
- Tobacco Use Disorder
(complications, drug therapy, ethnology)
- Treatment Outcome
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