Experimental study on skin sensitization potencies and cross-reactivities of hair-dye-related chemicals in guinea pigs.

Abstract

In screening patch testing of hairdressers with occupational contact dermatitis, multiple positive reactions to hair dye-related chemicals, such as p-phenylenediamine (PPD), p-toluenediamine x 2HCl (PTD) and p-aminophenol (PAP), a fabric dye p-aminoazobenzene (PAB), and a tar dye Sudan III, were frequently encountered. To investigate individual skin sensitization potency and the cross-reactivities among above chemicals, a guinea pig maximization test with the above 5 chemicals was performed. In each group, 6 animals were induced with one of the chemicals at 0.1% concentration by intradermal injection and at 1.0% by topical application. The animals were challenged with all 5 chemicals in concentrations of dilution by 10 from 0.1% to 0.001%. Under the conditions of 0.1% challenges, similar sensitization potencies were observed in PPD (6/6), PTD (6/6), PAP (5/6) and PAB (6/6) groups, but no positive reactions were elicited in the Sudan III group. The cross-reactivities to PPD were confirmed in the animals challenged with PTD (6/6), PAP (6/6), PAB (6/6) and Sudan III (3/6). In the PTD-induced group, positive responses to cross-challenges were elicited by PPD (5/6), PAP (3/6), PAB (5/6) and Sudan III (1/6). The cross-reactivities to PAP were observed only with PPD (2/5) and PAB (5/5). PAB-induced animals responded only to PPD (1/6). The results indicate that all these chemicals except Sudan III are strong sensitizers. Their cross-reactivities are different in sensitized conditions, respectively. The cross-reactivities to PPD were higher than those to PTD, PAP and PAB.

• Authors: Z Xie, R Hayakawa, M Sugiura, H Kojima, H Konishi, G Ichihara, Y Takeuchi
• Journal: Contact dermatitis (Contact Dermatitis) Vol. 42 Issue 5 Pg. 270-5 (May 2000) ISSN: 0105-1873 [Print] England
• PMID: 10789841 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Aminophenols
• Azo Compounds
• Hair Dyes
• Phenylenediamines
• Tuberculin
• 2-aminophenol
• 2,5-diaminotoluene
• p-Aminoazobenzene
• sudan III

Topics

• Aminophenols (adverse effects, immunology)
• Animals
• Azo Compounds (adverse effects, immunology)
• Cross Reactions
• Dermatitis, Contact (diagnosis, etiology, immunology)
• Female
• Guinea Pigs
• Hair Dyes (adverse effects)
• Patch Tests
• Phenylenediamines (adverse effects, immunology)
• Sensitivity and Specificity
• Tuberculin (adverse effects, immunology)
• p-Aminoazobenzene (adverse effects)