[Causative organisms of acute otitis media and acute sinusitis in children and their susceptibility of oral beta-lactam antibiotics].

Abstract

The clinical efficacy of cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI) was evaluated for 43 pediatric patients with acute otitis media or acute sinusitis. The causative organisms were identified and their susceptibilities to 6 oral beta-lactam antibiotics were measured; ampicillin (ABPC), cefaclor (CCL), cefdinir (CFDN), cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI), cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI) and cefpodoxime proxetil (CPDX-PR). The ages of 43 patients were distributed from 4 months to 10 years and 7 months, and especially children under 4 years accounted for 72% (31 cases). In 22 cases (51%), Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae were identified as the pathogens, but in 18 cases, no causative organisms were defined. Treatment by CDTR-PI was successful in 12 cases out of 15 evaluable cases in which H. influenzae or S. pneumoniae were identified as the main causative organisms. From the susceptibility testing of them, some strains of H. influenzae were found to be ABPC-resistant and some strains of S. pneumoniae were benzylpenicillin (PCG)-resistant. To support above clinical evaluation of CDTR-PI, susceptibility testings on clinically isolated H. influenzae (81 strains) and S. pneumoniae (79 strains) were performed using above mentioned 6 oral beta-lactam antibiotics. The MIC80s against H. influenzae were; CDTR-PI 0.06 microgram/ml, CCL 2 micrograms/ml, CPDX-PR 0.125 microgram/ml, CFTM-PI 0.03 microgram/ml, CFDN 1 microgram/ml and ABPC 1 microgram/ml. Those against S. pneumoniae were; CDTR-PI 0.5 microgram/ml, CCL > 4 micrograms/ml, CPDX-PR 2 micrograms/ml, CFTM-PI 1 microgram/ml, CFDN 2 micrograms/ml and ABPC 1 microgram/ml. From those results, it was concluded that CDTR-PI or CFTM-PI may be preferable for the treatment of acute otitis media and acute sinusitis in children.

• Authors: M Takenaka, Y Morikawa, T Nakagawa, T Takashima, T Haruta, T Tsuji
• Journal: The Japanese journal of antibiotics (Jpn J Antibiot) Vol. 52 Issue 2 Pg. 162-71 (Feb 1999) ISSN: 0368-2781 [Print] Japan
• PMID: 10221181 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Cephalosporins
• cefditoren pivoxil

Topics

• Acute Disease
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (pharmacology)
• Cephalosporins (therapeutic use)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Drug Resistance, Microbial
• Female
• Haemophilus influenzae (drug effects, isolation & purification)
• Humans
• Infant
• Male
• Otitis Media (drug therapy, microbiology)
• Sinusitis (drug therapy, microbiology)
• Streptococcus pneumoniae (drug effects, isolation & purification)