Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

A condition in which a woman suffers from severe depression, irritability, and tension before MENSTRUATION. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) may involve a wide range of physical or emotional symptoms, which are more severe and debilitating than those seen with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and which include at least one mood-related symptom. Symptoms usually stop when, or shortly after, menstruation begins.

Also Known As:

Networked: 391 relevant articles (56 outcomes, 86 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Premenstrual Syndrome (Premenstrual Tension)
2.	Acne Vulgaris
3.	Weight Gain
4.	Panic Disorder (Panic Attack)
5.	Major Depressive Disorder (Major Depressive Disorders)

Experts

1.	Rubinow, David R: 16 articles (11/2021 - 11/2002)
2.	Schmidt, Peter J: 16 articles (11/2021 - 11/2002)
3.	Bäckström, Torbjörn: 12 articles (11/2021 - 12/2003)
4.	Sundström-Poromaa, Inger: 12 articles (01/2021 - 12/2003)
5.	Epperson, C Neill: 10 articles (11/2021 - 09/2002)
6.	Halbreich, Uriel: 9 articles (05/2012 - 09/2002)
7.	Bixo, Marie: 8 articles (11/2021 - 12/2003)
8.	Rapkin, Andrea J: 8 articles (01/2019 - 04/2006)
9.	Girdler, Susan S: 8 articles (01/2018 - 07/2002)
10.	Pedersen, Cort A: 8 articles (01/2018 - 07/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder:

1.	Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)IBA 09/01/2004 - "Better characterization of safety and efficacy of multiple doses of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for the treatment of a wider range of symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) will provide clinicians with flexibility to provide symptom relief along with acceptable tolerability. " 04/01/2003 - "Clinical trials have demonstrated that serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and the extract of Vitex agnus castus are effective for the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). " 05/01/2008 - "Our meta- analysis, which included 2,964 women, demonstrates that SSRIs are effective for treating PMS and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (OR 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.31-0.51). " 01/01/2007 - "Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) do not have to be administered continuously to be effective for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), but can be given during luteal phases only. " 07/01/1999 - "SSRIs are effective in treating premenstrual dysphoric disorder and many comorbid conditions associated with depression in women. "
2.	Sertraline (Zoloft)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1999 - "Luteal phase treatment with sertraline was a safe and effective treatment for moderate-to-severe premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 12/01/2011 - "The PMS and premenstrual dysphoric disorder diagnoses improved similarly with sertraline relative to placebo, whereas symptom-based subtypes had differential responses to treatment. " 12/01/2002 - "Efficacy of intermittent, luteal phase sertraline treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder." 07/01/1999 - "To test the efficacy of late-luteal phase dosing of sertraline hydrochloride in women with moderate-to-severe premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 07/01/1999 - "In addition, the authors wanted to estimate the efficacy of intermittent sertraline dosing in the treatment of women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. "
3.	Antidepressive Agents (Antidepressants)IBA 01/01/2003 - "Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a menstruous dysfunction, is characterized by profoundly depressed mood, and studies have shown that antidepressants are effective for PMDD. " 08/01/1997 - "Serotonergic antidepressants have been shown to be effective treatments for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). " 04/01/2002 - "Twenty-four controlled trials were identified that compared antidepressant or psychological treatments to placebo in patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 01/01/2009 - "An animal model of premenstrual dysphoric disorder sensitive to antidepressants." 12/01/2008 - "To better understand treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder, we examined the antidepressant prescribing behavior of obstetrician/gynecologists as a marker for premenstrual dysphoric disorder treatment and compare these use patterns to psychiatrists and primary care physicians. "
4.	Oral ContraceptivesIBA 09/01/2005 - "To compare the efficacy of a new low-dose oral contraceptive pill (OCP) formulation with placebo in reducing symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 03/01/2002 - "Evaluation of a unique oral contraceptive in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder." 07/01/2001 - "Evaluation of a unique oral contraceptive in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder." 05/01/2000 - "Prevalence of menstrual cycle symptom cyclicity and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in a random sample of women using and not using oral contraceptives." 09/01/2008 - "Understanding the effects of pharmaceutical marketing on women's health, through discussion of relevant examples-including oral contraceptive pills, drugs for premenstrual dysphoric disorder, Pap smear cytology techniques, and neonatal herpes prophylaxis-will help ensure that women receive unbiased, evidenced-based care. "
5.	drospirenoneFDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2010 - "The efficiency of oral contraception containing drospirenone in treating symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) was demonstrated in a number of studies. " 01/01/2015 - "Studies of EE 20 µg/drospirenone 3 mg in three different indications (contraception, acne, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder [PMDD]) have been conducted in Chinese women. " 10/01/2010 - "[The efficiency of oral contraception containing drospirenone in treating symptoms of premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder in gyneacology practice]." 09/01/2008 - "Drospirenone/20EE-24/4 is the only COC with 3 indications: contraception and the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in women who wish to use a COC for birth control, and the treatment of moderate acne in women who are at least 14-years-old, have achieved menarche and wish to use a COC for birth control." 01/01/2007 - "Drospirenone/ethinylestradiol 3mg/20microg (24/4 day regimen): a review of its use in contraception, premenstrual dysphoric disorder and moderate acne vulgaris."
6.	Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)FDA Link 01/01/2023 - "Objective: Despite the documented success of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) for the treatment of treatment-resistant premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), many patients struggle to find providers who have sufficient knowledge of PMDD and its evidence-based treatments and/or who are comfortable treating PMDD after first-line treatment options have failed. " 08/01/2009 - "Discussion: 'Add-back regimens in patients using a GnRH agonist for premenstrual dysphoric disorder' by Segebladh et al." 08/01/2009 - "The aim of this study was to investigate which add-back hormone replacement therapy would be most beneficial in terms of mood effects for patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder who are receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy. " 03/01/2011 - "Approximately 60-70 percent of women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) show symptomatic improvement in response to the GnRH agonist leuprolide acetate, which suppresses ovarian function. " 08/01/2006 - "In modern times, if menstrual madness is considered to be premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), and ovariotomy, the surgical equivalent of ovulation suppression of GnRH analogues, it can be argued that the surgery would have been effective for this limited indication, although the side effects of long-term estrogen deficiency would have made the treatment unacceptable. "
7.	Combined Oral ContraceptivesIBA 12/01/2021 - "All randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of combined oral contraceptives in women with premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder were considered eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis. " 12/01/2021 - "Combined oral contraceptives may improve overall premenstrual symptomatology in women with premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder, but not premenstrual depressive symptoms. " 12/01/2021 - "Combined oral contraceptives are often considered a treatment option for women with premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder also seeking contraception, but evidence for this treatment is scarce. " 09/01/2015 - "We identified, through the literature search, evidence that some combined oral contraceptives have benefits in controlling HMB and anaemia, reducing the rate of endometrial, ovarian and colorectal cancer and ectopic pregnancy as well as alleviating symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 01/01/2017 - "Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill Initiation in a Patient With Major Depressive Disorder, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, Social Anxiety, Panic Disorder, and Histrionic Personality Disorder."
8.	Ethinyl Estradiol (Estinyl)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2012 - "The study was conducted to investigate continuous daily levonorgestrel 90 mcg/ethinyl estradiol 20 mcg (LNG/EE) on premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). " 02/15/2012 - "Drospirenone 3 mg plus ethinyl estradiol 20 μg may help treat premenstrual symptoms in women with severe symptoms, that is, premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 01/01/2012 - "Continuous oral levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol for treating premenstrual dysphoric disorder." 05/01/2011 - "To determine the effects of ethinyl estradiol (EE)/drospirenone in a 24/4 regimen (24days of active and 4days of inactive pills) on functional impairment (affecting work, partnership, and social activities) in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). " 08/01/2007 - "Treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) with a novel formulation of drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol."
9.	Fluoxetine (Prozac)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2001 - "Daily fluoxetine treatment is superior to placebo in improving the most common physical symptoms associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder." 09/01/2002 - "Premenstrual daily dosing with fluoxetine effectively treats mood, physical, and social functioning symptoms associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 05/01/2001 - "The efficacy of fluoxetine in improving physical symptoms associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder." 05/01/2013 - "In premenstrual dysphoric disorder, one study reported Vitex to be equivalent to fluoxetine, while in the other, fluoxetine outperformed Vitex. " 04/01/2003 - "The aim of this study was to use the data from two clinical trials to evaluate premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptom severity after the discontinuation of fluoxetine treatment. "
10.	Serotonin (5 Hydroxytryptamine)IBA 02/01/2008 - "Several trials have proved the efficacy of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI) in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in Western society. " 11/01/2006 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate whether common polymorphisms of key genes that control the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) pathway are associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 11/01/2001 - "Serotonin is particularly involved in expression of irritability and anger, but also in occurrence of depressive symptoms and specific food cravings, precisely found in the premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 02/01/1999 - "These results suggest that increasing serotonin synthesis during the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle has a beneficial effect in patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder." 01/01/1999 - "These results suggest that increasing serotonin synthesis during the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is therapeutic in patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2019 - "Initial evidence suggests cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) as an effective treatment for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). " 01/01/2023 - "After a 2-month diagnostic evaluation for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD per DSM-5 criteria) in a university clinical research setting, 44 participants enrolled in baseline studies were randomized in the luteal phase at home to (A) a phase-advance intervention (PAI): 1 night of late-night wake therapy (LWT: sleep 9 pm-1 am) followed by 7 days of the morning (AM) bright white light (BWL), or (B) a phase-delay intervention (PDI): 1 night of early-night wake therapy (EWT: sleep 3-7 am) plus 7 days of the evening (PM) BWL. " 01/01/2017 - "The objective of this study was to assess the percentage of diagnosed and nondiagnosed PMS/premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) based on the presence of adequate symptoms and to compare population using hormonal or pharmaceutical agents versus CAM therapies. " 12/01/2017 - "This narrative review presents current aspects of diagnosis, epidemiology, aetiology and therapy of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). " 01/01/2010 - "Premenstrual dysphoric disorder--review of actual findings about mental disorders related to menstrual cycle and possibilities of their therapy."
2.	Contraception (Birth Control) 01/01/2019 - "Contraception counseling for women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): current perspectives." 10/01/2020 - "However, treatment for premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder as well as contraception that women can use without risking mental health problems are still needed. " 10/01/2010 - "The efficiency of oral contraception containing drospirenone in treating symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) was demonstrated in a number of studies. " 01/01/2015 - "Studies of EE 20 µg/drospirenone 3 mg in three different indications (contraception, acne, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder [PMDD]) have been conducted in Chinese women. " 10/01/2011 - "Because of its novelty, very few studies have been performed to evaluate the efficacy, side effects and safety related to contraception, premenstrual dysphoric disorder and acne; therefore, literature evaluating similar contraceptives without levomefolate is reviewed. "
3.	Ovariectomy (Oophorectomy) 03/01/2010 - "We searched the published literature for studies related to outcomes following surgical menopause, risk-reducing surgery for ovarian cancer, surgical treatment for endometriosis, bilateral oophorectomy for benign disease and treatment for premenstrual syndrome/premenstrual dysphoric disorder. " 01/01/1997 - "Results from several randomized, placebo-controlled trials have clearly demonstrated that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, as well as medical or surgical oophorectomy, are effective in treating premenstrual dysphoric disorder. "
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/2018 - "Improvements in Quality-Adjusted Life Years and Cost-Utility After Pharmacotherapy for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: A Retrospective Study." 01/01/2020 - "We searched PubMed to identify the studies focused on the treatment and management of comorbid PMDD/BD using the following search words, alone and in combination: premenstrual dysphoric disorder, bipolar disorder, comorbid, treatment, management, pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy. " 01/01/2018 - "To investigate the cost-effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a relatively new classification of depressive disorder that is characterized by recurrent depression during the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle. " 11/01/2002 - "Pharmacotherapy of premenstrual syndromes and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: current practices." 11/01/2000 - "Although further work across the range of basic, clinical, and sociopolitical fronts is needed, advances in the pharmacotherapy of premenstrual dysphoric disorder, recent safety data on certain agents in pregnancy, and progress in the management of post-traumatic stress disorder provides cause for clinical"
5.	Hormone Replacement Therapy (Therapy, Hormone Replacement) 05/01/2010 - "Increased severity of menopausal symptoms was also associated with absence of a partner, alcohol consumption, a history of hormone replacement therapy, a history of probable premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and increased severity of depressive symptoms. " 08/01/2009 - "The aim of this study was to investigate which add-back hormone replacement therapy would be most beneficial in terms of mood effects for patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder who are receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy. "