Mirror Movement Therapy

Rehabilitation therapy in which a mirror is placed between the arms or legs so that the image of a moving non-affected limb gives the illusion of normal movement in the affected limb. This stimulates different brain regions for movement, sensation, and pain. (www.cochrane.org/CD008449 access 12/28/2020)

Also Known As:

Networked: 381 relevant articles (78 outcomes, 143 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Therapy Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Dohle, Christian: 11 articles (01/2019 - 03/2009)
2.	Wu, Ching-Yi: 9 articles (01/2022 - 06/2013)
3.	Hsieh, Yu-Wei: 8 articles (10/2020 - 10/2017)
4.	Lin, Keh-Chung: 7 articles (07/2022 - 06/2013)
5.	Tsao, Jack W: 7 articles (01/2019 - 11/2007)
6.	Arya, Kamal Narayan: 6 articles (09/2019 - 05/2013)
7.	Thieme, Holm: 6 articles (01/2019 - 03/2012)
8.	Selles, Ruud W: 6 articles (07/2015 - 04/2008)
9.	Stam, Henk J: 6 articles (09/2014 - 03/2008)
10.	Beurskens, Anna: 5 articles (10/2019 - 01/2015)

Related Diseases

1.	Stroke (Strokes) 09/01/2014 - "Although most mirror therapy studies have shown improved motor performance in stroke patients, the optimal mirror training protocol still remains unclear. " 06/01/2016 - "We conclude that mirror therapy may be beneficial in improving balance ability among subacute stroke patients." 04/01/2015 - "We conclude that mirror therapy may be beneficial in improving the effects of stroke on gait ability." 01/01/2016 - "[Conclusion] The findings of this study demonstrated that mirror therapy is more effective than conventional therapy for the training of stroke patients to improve their upper limb function and activities of daily living. " 09/01/2019 - "Motor Relearning Programme and Mirror therapy were found to be effective in improving upper limb motor functions of stroke patients, but the former was found to be more effective than the latter."
2.	Pain (Aches) 11/15/2023 - "After 6 months, there was a significant improvement in the duration of pain and in ADL after mirror therapy compared with the control group (p < 0.05). " 01/01/2023 - "The findings of high-quality reviews support the effectiveness of mirror therapy (MT) and graded motor imagery (GMI) programs on pain and disability improvement in CRPS patients. " 06/01/2016 - "Both Mirror Therapy and TENS were found to be effective in pain reduction on a short-term basis. " 09/01/2023 - "Mirror therapy (MT) is a novel treatment that has been applied in other pain syndromes. " 05/20/2023 - "This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of mirror therapy in patients with somatoform pain disorders on symptom severity and associated physiological parameters. "
3.	Phantom Limb (Phantom Limbs) 05/20/2023 - "Mirror therapy has been proven to be effective in treating phantom limb pain and other conditions such as CRPS. " 10/01/2013 - "In the current study we therefore implemented an alternative version of the mirror therapy involving a visuotactile illusion, to explore whether it might be effective with amputees for whom the action of moving the phantom increases phantom pain. " 12/01/2022 - "Current literature claims that mirror therapy is effective in reducing phantom limb pain in post amputees, but there are only a few case reports emphasizing mirror therapy in particularly lower limb amputees. " 07/01/2009 - "Performing phantom movements with visual virtual feedback, or mirror therapy, is a promising treatment avenue to alleviate phantom limb pain. " 11/15/2023 - "Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to qualitatively analyse the efficacy of mirror therapy for treatment of phantom limb pain in adult patients after unilateral amputations of the lower extremity.The"
4.	Paresis (Hemiparesis) 01/01/2008 - "Mirror therapy is effective in the rehabilitation of patients with hemiparesis, but its mechanism is not clear. " 09/01/2016 - "To determine the efficacy of mirror therapy in children with hemiparesis. " 01/01/2021 - "Mirror Therapy for Lower-Extremity Hemiparesis: A Knowledge Translation Study Using an Educational Module to Change Physiotherapists' Perceptions." 10/01/2017 - "Studies show that MP and MI associated mirror therapy (MPMT) may improve muscle control of the upper limbs in hemiparesis. " 09/01/2016 - "Mirror therapy in children with hemiparesis: a randomized observer-blinded trial."
5.	Complex Regional Pain Syndromes 10/01/2013 - "Background and purpose This case of a 42 year old woman with lower extremity Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) after a twisting injury of the ankle, effectively treated with the addition of mirror therapy to a rehabilitation programme, prompted a literature review of both CRPS and mirror therapy. " 01/01/2023 - "Exercises suitable for patients with complex regional pain syndrome mainly include graded motor imagery, mirror therapy, progressive stress loading training, and progressive aerobic training. " 01/01/2018 - "To develop and test a new immersive digital technology for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) that combines principles from mirror therapy and immersive virtual reality and the latest research from multisensory body processing. " 01/01/2017 - "Update on the effects of graded motor imagery and mirror therapy on complex regional pain syndrome type 1: A systematic review." 02/01/2016 - "Especially mirror therapy and graded motor imagery should be considered for the treatment of patients with complex regional pain syndrome. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Ice
2.	Therapeutic Uses
3.	Type A Botulinum Toxins (Botox)
4.	Ketamine
5.	Diphosphonates (Bisphosphonates)
6.	Calcitonin (Calcitonin, Eel)
7.	Pain-Free
8.	salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM)
9.	Analgesics (Analgesic Drugs)
10.	Anti-Inflammatory Agents (Anti-Inflammatories)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
3.	Surgical Amputation (Amputations)
4.	Stroke Rehabilitation
5.	Complementary Therapies (Alternative Medicine)