Choroidal Effusions

Finding of fluid accumulation between the CHOROID and the SCLERA.

Also Known As:

Choroidal Detachments; Choroidal Effusion; Ciliochoroidal Detachments; Ciliochoroidal Effusion; Effusion, Choroidal; Effusion, Ciliochoroidal; Choroidal Detachment; Ciliochoroidal Detachment; Ciliochoroidal Effusions; Suprachoroidal Space

Networked: 849 relevant articles (36 outcomes, 38 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Eye Diseases: 3522
- Eye Abnormalities: 95
  - Choroidal Effusions: 849
    - Cyclodialysis Clefts: 108
    - Uveal Effusion Syndrome: 52
- Uveal Diseases: 16
  - Choroid Diseases: 94
    - Choroidal Effusions: 849
      - Cyclodialysis Clefts: 108
      - Uveal Effusion Syndrome: 52

Related Diseases

1.	Glaucoma
2.	Retinal Detachment (Retinal Detachments)
3.	Macular Edema
4.	Myopia
5.	Retinitis Pigmentosa (Pigmentary Retinopathy)

Experts

1.	Prausnitz, Mark R: 12 articles (01/2021 - 01/2011)
2.	Shivdasani, Mohit N: 9 articles (01/2018 - 06/2012)
3.	Edelhauser, Henry F: 8 articles (12/2016 - 06/2006)
4.	Williams, Chris E: 8 articles (09/2014 - 03/2012)
5.	Rizzo, Stanislao: 7 articles (01/2021 - 11/2005)
6.	Luu, Chi D: 7 articles (01/2017 - 06/2012)
7.	Shepherd, Robert K: 7 articles (09/2014 - 03/2012)
8.	Wu, Zhifeng: 6 articles (08/2022 - 01/2015)
9.	Allen, Penelope J: 6 articles (01/2017 - 03/2012)
10.	Gilger, Brian C: 5 articles (05/2021 - 06/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Choroidal Effusions:

1.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)IBA 04/01/2014 - "To investigate whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) may help to diagnose retinal/choroidal detachment and may help to differentiate intraocular lumps in cases with equivocal features on conventional grayscale and Doppler modes. " 06/01/2016 - "Moreover, dynamic study helps distinguish between various conditions that would otherwise be difficult to differentiate in some clinical setting, such as vitreous, retinal, and choroidal detachment. " 10/04/2023 - "BACKGROUND Combined retinal and choroidal detachment (RD-CD) poses significant challenges in ophthalmic treatment, often requiring surgical intervention for optimal outcomes. " 09/01/2023 - "A bright-scan (B-scan) ultrasound revealed mild vitreous opacities with a vitreal membrane, shallow choroidal detachment, and no significant retinal and choroid layer thickening. " 09/01/2023 - "Dilated fundus examination and B-scan ultrasound of the left eye revealed a hemorrhagic choroidal effusion in the nasal retinal periphery and low lying serous choroidal effusion in the temporal periphery. "
2.	SteroidsIBA 07/04/2021 - "Choroidal detachment and other manifestations improved after a high-dose systemic steroid treatment. " 01/01/2023 - "Drug injection into the suprachoroidal space (SCS) allows for targeted delivery to chorioretinal tissues with high bioavailability in the posterior segment, as well as for inherent drug sequestration away from the anterior segment, which may lower the risk of AEs associated with anterior tissue exposure to steroids. " 06/01/2022 - "The patient's hypotony and choroidal effusion persisted postoperatively and her intraocular pressure (IOP) remained 2-4 mmHg despite the performance of two steroid courses. " 01/01/2015 - "To control the choroidal effusion, systemic steroid was also administered. " 12/01/1998 - "With preoperative oral steroids, choroidal detachment regressed completely in 13 eyes (61.9%). "
3.	Triamcinolone Acetonide (Azmacort)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2023 - "Posterior sub-Tenon triamcinolone acetonide injection for annular choroidal detachment resistant to systemic immunosuppressive treatment." 03/01/2022 - "The patient was treated by one injection of triamcinolone acetonide and followed up within one week, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 16 weeks, and 24 weeks in the suprachoroidal space (SCS) using a manually made needle with assessing the efficacy and potential ocular complications. " 12/02/2021 - "The patient was managed with a custom-made needle injection of triamcinolone acetonide in the suprachoroidal space. " 01/30/2015 - "Surgical results of Ahmed valve implantation combined with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection for preventing choroidal detachment." 07/01/2005 - "Choroidal detachment disappeared in most of cases within 10 days triamcinolone acetonide injection. "
4.	Mitomycin (Mitomycin-C)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2023 - "An 84-year-old Caucasian man with medically uncontrolled POAG developed refractory hypotony and choroidal detachment following a mitomycin C augmented Preserflo MicroShunt (PMS) insertion. " 01/01/1995 - "Loss of more than one line of vision (33%) and re-operation for complications (including flat anterior chamber, choroidal detachment, and tube blockage) (38%) were slightly but not significantly more frequent in the mitomycin C group than in the control group. " 09/01/2020 - "To report a particular circumstance that led to the abnormal complication of choroidal detachment (CD)-induced secondary angle-closure after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC). " 01/01/2013 - "To evaluate the risk factors for choroidal detachment after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC). " 01/01/2013 - "Risk factors for choroidal detachment after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C."
5.	SuspensionsIBA 01/01/2021 - "As research in suprachoroidal drug delivery advances, and therapeutic candidates, ranging from small molecule suspensions to gene therapy, progress through clinical trials, an understanding of suprachoroidal space (SCS) biomechanics assumes increasing importance.Areas" 01/01/2011 - "Microneedles were shown for the first time to deliver nanoparticle and microparticle suspensions into the suprachoroidal space of rabbit, pig and human eyes. " 01/01/2011 - "A single, hollow microneedle was inserted into the sclera, and infused nanoparticle and microparticle suspensions into the suprachoroidal space. " 04/10/2015 - "This finding suggests better distribution of ICG solution than TA suspension in the suprachoroidal space. " 06/01/2012 - "Thirty enucleated porcine eyes were prepared with a tumour phantom made by injecting a suspension of gelatine, titanium dioxide and human blood into the suprachoroidal space. "
6.	Ophthalmic Solutions (Eye Drops)IBA 10/01/2013 - "Hemorrhagic choroidal detachment after use of anti-glaucomatous eye drops: case report." 01/01/2018 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in choroidal thickness during the use of latanoprost eyedrops which shift fluid to the suprachoroidal space and change choroidal perfusion. " 08/01/2004 - "A 76-year-old woman with primary open-angle glaucoma and no history of ocular surgery developed a choroidal detachment 12 hours after initiation of therapy with dorzolamide eye drops. " 05/01/2023 - "Few days after starting on topical intraocular pressure lowering drugs, cycloplegics and topical steroid eye drops along with low dose systemic steroids her condition improved with resolution of choroidal effusion and return of vision to normal levels. " 03/01/2023 - "Although no ophthalmic irAEs were observed at the first visit, he developed iritis, vitreous opacity, and choroidal detachment by day 18.As a result of the irAEs, the scheduled course of ipilimumab was canceled and he was instead treated with corticosteroids (eye drops and systemic). "
7.	Methylprednisolone FDA LinkGeneric 01/26/2011 - "After treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone, in conjunction with conventional glaucoma treatment, there was rapid reduction of intraocular pressure, gradual delayed resolution of the choroidal effusion and induced myopic shift; and eventually a good outcome without optic nerve damage. " 01/01/2019 - "The effect of single periocular injection of methylprednisolone and drainage of suprachoroidal fluid in the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment combined with choroidal detachment." 01/01/2019 - "In this study we compared the anatomic and functional outcomes of two steroid treatments on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) combined with choroidal detachment (CD), namely treatment with oral prednisolone (1 mg/kg daily) for 3-7 days before vitrectomy or a single periocular injection of methylprednisolone (40 mg) 1-3 days before vitrectomy. "
8.	methionylmethylsulfonium chloride (MMSC)IBA 05/01/2008 - "The study indicated that MMSC transplantation into the suprachoroidal space is a safe and effective procedure for cell incorporation in order to treat retinal diseases. "
9.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 09/01/2022 - "The combined strategy of removing hipotensive treatment and topical corticosteroids could be useful for the initial management of choroidal effusion. " 01/01/2020 - "Immune-mediated complex and direct microbial invasion of uveal tissue leading to serous choroidal detachment is the proposed pathogenesis that responds well to topical corticosteroids." 01/01/2016 - "Treatment with oral corticosteroids resulted in complete resolution of the choroidal effusion. " 01/01/2013 - "There was choroidal effusion on day 16 of the postoperative period, which resolved with corticosteroids. " 08/01/2004 - "Withdrawal of the drug and initiation of corticosteroid drops resulted in prompt resolution of the choroidal detachment. "
10.	Acetazolamide (Diamox)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2020 - "A conservative approach with acetazolamide treatment or just observation was used in our case series in choroidal detachment without substantial visual loss if, over time, slow improvement was documented. " 12/01/2017 - "In the current publication, authors report on two cases where the acetazolamide-induced choroidal effusion was an accidental finding without either a myopic shift in refraction or an acute elevation in intraocular pressure. " 12/01/2017 - "During the last several decades, numerous papers had been published on supra ciliary and posterior choroidal effusion likely presenting as an idiosyncratic effect of these drugs especially of acetazolamide. " 12/01/2017 - "[Case report on choroidal effusion after oral acetazolamide administration: an unusual manifestation of a well-known idiosyncratic effect?]" 10/01/2016 - "To the best of our knowledge, drug-induced bilateral ciliochoroidal effusion syndrome has not been reported with acetazolamide in plateau iris configuration."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Trabeculectomy (Trabeculoplasty) 03/17/2023 - "The aim of this study was to compare trabeculectomy outcomes in patients with and without post-operative serous choroidal detachment (CD) and establish an association between CD and trabeculectomy outcomes. " 03/01/2005 - "The purpose of this study is to report the treatment and outcome of eight cases of choroidal detachment, which occurred several days to many years after trabeculectomy. " 06/01/1994 - "This study indicates that serous choroidal detachments following trabeculectomy which are limited in size or duration are not associated with a worsening of long-term intraocular pressure control." 06/30/2023 - "Here, we report an unexpected serous retina and choroidal detachment after non penetrating trabeculectomy. " 06/20/2023 - "During the early postoperative period, hypotony was registered in 63% of the MicroShunt patients and in 21% of the patients in the trabeculectomy group (p < 0.001); and 11% and 1%, respectively, of the patients developed choroidal detachments (p < 0.003). "
2.	Therapeutics 03/01/2023 - "Although choroidal effusions typically resolve with medical therapy alone, surgical intervention may be required. " 01/01/2022 - "One eye developed hypotony and choroidal effusion, which resolved with medical therapy. " 01/01/2022 - "The massive choroidal effusion was treated with medical therapy. " 06/26/2021 - "The suprachoroidal space (SCS), a potential space between the sclera and choroid, is becoming an applicable method to deliver therapeutics to the back of the eye. " 11/01/2020 - "However, despite recent commercial interest, there are few tools designed specifically to provide targeted delivery of therapeutics to a localised region within the suprachoroidal space. "
3.	Vitrectomy 02/25/2022 - "Intraoperative haemorrhagic choroidal detachment during MicroIncision Vitrectomy Surgery (MIVS): a unique mechanism." 01/01/2022 - "To investigate the incidence and causes of intraoperative choroidal detachment (CD) during small-gauge vitrectomy, as well as the anatomic and visual outcomes. " 01/01/2022 - "Intraoperative choroidal detachment during small-gauge vitrectomy: analysis of causes, anatomic, and visual outcomes." 10/01/2020 - "Fundus examination of 5 of 13 eyes showed bullous choroidal detachment, treated with pars plana vitrectomy with superotemporal sclerectomy or transscleral punction. " 01/01/2019 - "Systemic Approach to Prevent Inadvertent Perfusion in Eyes with Extensive Choroidal Detachment, Suprachoroidal Fluid, and Hypotony During Pars Plana Vitrectomy."
4.	Electrodes (Electrode) 01/01/2015 - "This study presents an electrophysiology assessment of an ovine model for single and simultaneous electrode stimulation from the suprachoroidal space, using symmetric biphasic current pulses with a monopolar return configuration. " 03/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathological response to acute implantation of a functional prototype electrode array in the suprachoroidal space. " 01/01/2012 - "The method can be used to study the effect of the dendritic tree size on the activation of RGCs by electrical stimulation using a hexagonal arrangement of electrodes (hexpolar) placed in the suprachoroidal space." 08/01/2018 - "We implanted the electrode array into the suprachoroidal space and anchored the package and transition part to the sclera in rabbits (n = 11). " 01/01/2018 - "Normally-sighted eyes of seven adult anaesthetised cats were implanted with a 42-channel electrode array in the suprachoroidal space and multi-unit neural activity was recorded from the visual cortex. "
5.	Lasers (Laser) 09/01/2003 - "To study the prevalence of ciliochoroidal effusion (CE) after prophylactic laser iridotomy (LI). " 06/01/2022 - "Extensive serous ciliochoroidal detachments and macular subretinal and intraretinal fluid following laser peripheral iridotomy." 03/01/2022 - "She had a bilateral high-flared, shallow anterior chamber, and bilateral ciliochoroidal detachment, which was revealed using laser flare photometry and AS-OCT. " 03/01/2022 - "To report anterior chamber flare using laser flare photometry and ciliochoroidal detachment using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in a new onset acute lupus choroidopathy case. " 01/01/2022 - "To report a case of bilateral choroidal effusion after laser capsulotomy. "