Maze Procedure

A surgical treatment in which heart tissue is scarred (cut-and-sew method), excised or otherwise destroyed in an open chest approach to direct electrical signals through a more controlled path via the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. It is often used to restore normal rhythms in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.

Also Known As:

Cox Maze III Procedure; Cox Maze III Surgery; Cox Maze IV Procedure; Cox-Maze Operation; Cox-Maze Procedure; Left-sided Maze Procedure; Maze Ablation; Maze III Procedure; Maze IV Procedure; Maze Surgery; Mini Maze Procedure; Ablation, Maze; Cox Maze Operation; Cox Maze Procedure; Cox-Maze Operations; Left sided Maze Procedure; Left-sided Maze Procedures; Maze Ablations; Maze III Procedures; Maze IV Procedures; Maze Procedure, Left-sided; Maze Procedure, Mini; Maze Procedures; Maze Surgeries; Mini Maze Procedures; Procedure, Maze III; Procedure, Maze IV

Networked: 824 relevant articles (133 outcomes, 74 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Therapy Context: Research Results

Operative Surgical Procedures: 34913

Experts

1.	Damiano, Ralph J: 48 articles (01/2022 - 12/2003)
2.	Schuessler, Richard B: 33 articles (01/2022 - 12/2003)
3.	Ad, Niv: 27 articles (11/2019 - 02/2002)
4.	Cox, James L: 19 articles (01/2019 - 02/2002)
5.	Melby, Spencer J: 17 articles (01/2022 - 10/2006)
6.	Moon, Marc R: 17 articles (01/2022 - 10/2004)
7.	Kobayashi, Junjiro: 17 articles (01/2021 - 01/2002)
8.	Maniar, Hersh S: 15 articles (01/2022 - 12/2003)
9.	Gillinov, A Marc: 14 articles (01/2019 - 10/2002)
10.	Lee, Jae Won: 14 articles (10/2018 - 01/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Atrial Fibrillation 09/01/2014 - "The Cox maze IV procedure has the best results for the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. " 12/01/2013 - "The surgical maze procedure is highly effective in treating symptomatic atrial fibrillation but may have detrimental effects on left atrial (LA) contractile function and compliance. " 08/01/2011 - "The cut and sew Cox-Maze III procedure has proven to be extremely effective in curing atrial fibrillation. " 06/01/2011 - "Although the maze procedure is highly effective for most patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), its standardized application to elderly patients is controversial. " 03/15/2011 - "Surgery of atrial fibrillation (AF) was first described in 1991 by James Cox in what was named the Cox-Maze procedure, and over the years it has been considered the gold-standard treatment, with best results in maintaining sinus rhythm in the long term. "
2.	Cardiac Arrhythmias (Arrythmia) 08/01/1995 - "The results of these modifications culminated in the maze III procedure, which is associated with a higher incidence of postoperative sinus rhythm, improved long-term sinus node function, fewer pacemaker requirements, less arrhythmia recurrence, and improved long-term atrial transport function. " 08/01/2015 - "A concomitant maze procedure effectively eliminated atrial arrhythmia. " 08/01/2009 - "The Cox maze procedure is the gold standard for treating this arrhythmia. " 01/01/2002 - "None of these techniques (other than maze surgery) begins to approach 100% efficacy for long-term elimination of arrhythmia. " 06/01/2016 - "This patient's atrial arrhythmia was successfully treated with a hybrid operation that involved resection of his atrial appendage, an Epicor maze procedure, and radiofrequency ablation during a catheter-based electrophysiologic study. "
3.	Stroke (Strokes) 05/01/2021 - "Concomitant LAAc may be effective for preventing thromboembolic stroke in patients with AF if they have no indication for the maze procedure." 08/01/2003 - "Restoration of sinus rhythm with a maze procedure nearly eliminated the risk of late stroke, whereas neither closure of the left atrial appendage nor therapeutic anticoagulation prevented this complication." 05/01/2005 - "Including the maze procedure with mitral repair improved survival, late cardiac function, and freedom from late stroke." 08/01/2023 - "In this study, preservation of the LAA during the maze procedure resulted in better LA function than LAA occlusion, with similar rates of stroke." 09/11/2014 - "This study examined the preoperative risk factors predictive of stroke following Cox Maze procedure in patients with mitral valve disease. "
4.	Tachycardia (Tachyarrhythmias) 02/01/2012 - "The cryo-maze procedure was rather effective for eliminating chronic AF associated with both mitral and tricuspid valve disease, but there were a few cases with new atrial tachycardia. " 01/01/1998 - "The inclusion of a right-sided maze procedure with cardiac repair in patients having congenital heart anomalies that cause right atrial dilatation and associated atrial tachyarrhythmias is effective in eliminating or reducing the incidence of those arrhythmias." 05/01/2021 - "Long-term follow-up data suggest that catheter ablation of atrial tachyarrhythmias after various Maze procedures is effective and safe." 12/23/2022 - "It is unknown whether early atrial tachyarrhythmia (ATA) recurrence occurring within 3 months after the Maze procedure predicts late ATA recurrence.Methods and Results: This study involved 610 patients who underwent the modified Cryo-Maze procedure in conjunction with other cardiac surgery. " 08/01/2021 - "The aim of the present study was to assess if intraoperative net fluid balance was associated with atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence after the Cryo-Maze procedure. "
5.	Heart Diseases (Heart Disease) 09/01/2005 - "The Maze procedure, developed two decades ago, has proven to be clearly effective in restoring sinus rhythm in AF patients with or without associated organic cardiac disorders. " 11/01/2008 - "The Cox maze III procedure, introduced in 1987 by Dr. James Cox, was the first effective operation for AF and is recognized as the gold standard therapy for AF associated with organic heart disease. " 02/01/2009 - "In the present study, 55 consecutive patients undergoing the maze procedure for persistent AF in combination with operations for organic heart diseases were evaluated. " 12/01/2018 - "Between January 2008 and January 2015, 113 consecutive adult patients were submitted to cut and sew Cox maze III procedure in association with other operations for structural heart disease. " 01/01/2018 - "A total of 408 ascending aortic ± hemiarch replacements and aortic (root), mitral, or tricuspid valve(s); coronary artery bypass grafting; or MAZE procedures were performed for concomitant cardiac disease. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Cytidine Monophosphate (CMP)
2.	Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF)
3.	Brain Natriuretic Peptide (Natrecor)
4.	Argon
5.	pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)
6.	Anticoagulants
7.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)
8.	Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
9.	Anesthetics (Anesthetic Agents)
10.	Transforming Growth Factor beta1 (TGF beta 1)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Catheter Ablation
2.	Radiofrequency Ablation
3.	Sternotomy
4.	Cryosurgery
5.	Therapeutics