Malar hypoplasia

Underdevelopment of the MALAR BONE (cheek bone).

Also Known As:

Hypoplasia of zygomatic bone; Malar flattening; Malar underdevelopment; Zygomatic flattening; Zygomatic hypoplasia; zygomatic orbital hypoplasia; zygomatic orbital surface hypoplasia

Networked: 9 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 2 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Facial Asymmetry
2.	Micrognathism
3.	Intellectual Disability (Idiocy)
4.	Malocclusion (Crossbite)
5.	Fetal Diseases (Embryopathy)

Experts

1.	Ayala-Ugalde, Fernan-Alejandra: 1 article (09/2018)
2.	Chang-Contreras, Jorge-Eduardo: 1 article (09/2018)
3.	García-Cano, Eugenio: 1 article (09/2018)
4.	Malagón, Héctor O: 1 article (09/2018)
5.	Campbell, D F: 1 article (09/2017)
6.	Philip, J N: 1 article (09/2017)
7.	Nuri, Takashi: 1 article (05/2016)
8.	Shigemura, Yuka: 1 article (05/2016)
9.	Ueda, Koichi: 1 article (05/2016)
10.	Blasco-Palacio, Julia C: 1 article (11/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Malar hypoplasia:

1.	baysilon (polydimethylsiloxane)IBA 09/01/1999 - "Findings support the contention that the Silastic midfacial malar implant is a safe and effective alloplastic alternative to treat malar hypoplasia and facial asymmetry. "
2.	Growth Hormone (Somatotropin)IBA 01/01/2013 - "Reevaluation at 16.5 years of age revealed a height of 128.5 cm (SD score -5.27), prominent forehead, anteverted nasal openings, fleshy nasal tip, full lips, malar hypoplasia, hyperlordosis, prominent heels, testicular volumes 8-10 mL, and pubic hair consistent with Tanner stage II. Growth hormone trial for a year resulted in inadequate height gain (3 cm). "
3.	AminopterinIBA 06/01/1993 - "We report on a boy with a combination of manifestations reminiscent of aminopterin embryopathy: brachyturricephaly with craniosynostosis, poorly mineralised vault, upslanted palpebral fissures, malar hypoplasia, high-arched palate, micrognathia, thick, abnormal auricles, ASD, minor hand anomalies, growth and mental retardation. "
4.	Dihydroorotate DehydrogenaseIBA 01/01/2023 - "Miller syndrome is a rare type of postaxial acrofacial dysostosis caused by biallelic mutations in the DHODH gene, which is characterized mainly by craniofacial malformations of micrognathia, orofacial clefts, cup-shaped ears, and malar hypoplasia, combined with postaxial limb deformities like the absence of fifth digits. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Osteotomy 05/01/2015 - "This study was performed to evaluate the clinical morphological results and surgical outcomes of unilateral zygomatic hypoplasia correction by L-shaped zygomatic osteotomy with natural coral. " 05/01/2015 - "Few studies on unilateral zygomatic hypoplasia correction by zygomatic osteotomy with natural coral have been reported. " 09/01/2017 - "The Edinburgh modification of the minimal access zygomatic osteotomy, used for the correction of zygomatic orbital hypoplasia." 05/01/2015 - "L-shaped zygomatic osteotomy with natural coral is an effective method of unilateral zygomatic hypoplasia correction." 05/01/2015 - "Zygomatic osteotomy is a common method of zygomatic hypoplasia correction. "
2.	Orthognathic Surgery 11/01/2015 - "Six consecutive patients with underlying dentofacial anomalies and bilateral malar hypoplasia were managed with simultaneous orthognathic surgery and pedicled buccal fat pad malar augmentation. " 09/01/2018 - "A total of 9 patients were included with malocclusion as indication for orthognathic surgery who also presented with malar hypoplasia diagnosed clinically and cephalometrically. "
3.	Tissue Expansion 05/01/2016 - "To reconstruct malar hypoplasia with both soft and hard tissues, we designed a new method using cartilage grafts, Y-V advancement flaps, and Z plasty with tissue expansion. "