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Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin) Summary

Description: Toxic proteins produced from the species CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM. The toxins are synthesized as a single peptide chain which is processed into a mature protein consisting of a heavy chain and light chain joined via a disulfide bond. The botulinum toxin light chain is a zinc-dependent protease which is released from the heavy chain upon ENDOCYTOSIS into PRESYNAPTIC NERVE ENDINGS. Once inside the cell the botulinum toxin light chain cleaves specific SNARE proteins which are essential for secretion of ACETYLCHOLINE by SYNAPTIC VESICLES. This inhibition of acetylcholine release results in muscular PARALYSIS.

Also Known As: Botulinum Toxin; Botulin; Toxin, Botulinum; Toxins, Botulinum; Toxins, Clostridium botulinum Show All >>

Networked: 3916 relevant articles (640 outcomes, 569 trials/studies) for this Bio-Agent

Key Diseases for which Botulinum Toxins is Relevant

  1. Pain (Aches) : 61 outcomes 39 studies in 294 results
  2. Torticollis (Wryneck) : 46 outcomes 41 studies in 251 results
  3. Hyperhidrosis : 43 outcomes 21 studies in 186 results
  4. Dystonia (Limb Dystonia) : 41 outcomes 24 studies in 247 results
  5. Blepharospasm : 40 outcomes 28 studies in 256 results
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Drugs Related to Botulinum Toxins

  1. Nitroglycerin (Dynamite)
  2. Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
  3. Cosmetics
  4. Cholinergic Antagonists (Anticholinergics)
  5. Baclofen
  6. botulinum toxin type B
  7. Type A Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum A Toxin)
  8. Antibodies
  9. Capsaicin (Zostrix)
  10. Clozapine (Clozaril)
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Therapies Related to Botulinum Toxins

  1. Injections
  2. Intramuscular Injections
  3. Aftercare (After-Treatment)
  4. Intradermal Injections
  5. Intravesical Administration
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