Nicotinamide Protects Against Diet-Induced Body Weight Gain, Increases Energy Expenditure, and Induces White Adipose Tissue Beiging.

Abstract

SCOPE:

Interventions that boost NAD+ availability are of potential therapeutic interest for obesity treatment. The potential of nicotinamide (NAM), the amide form of vitamin B3 and a physiological precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+ , in preventing weight gain has not previously been studied in vivo. Other NAD+ precursors have been shown to decrease weight gain; however, their impact on adipose tissue is not addressed.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

Two doses of NAM (high dose: 1% and low dose: 0.25%) are given by drinking water to C57BL/6J male mice, starting at the same time as the high-fat diet feeding. NAM supplementation protects against diet-induced obesity by augmenting global body energy expenditure in C57BL/6J male mice. The manipulation markedly alters adipose morphology and metabolism, particularly in inguinal (i) white adipose tissue (iWAT). An increased number of brown and beige adipocyte clusters, protein abundance of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), mitochondrial activity, adipose NAD+ , and phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (P-AMPK) levels are observed in the iWAT of treated mice. Notably, a significant improvement in hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and glucose tolerance is also observed in NAM high-dose treated mice.

CONCLUSION:

NAM influences whole-body energy expenditure by driving changes in the adipose phenotype. Thus, NAM is an attractive potential treatment for preventing obesity and associated complications.

• Authors: Karen Alejandra Méndez-Lara, Elisabeth Rodríguez-Millán, David Sebastián, Rosi Blanco-Soto, Mercedes Camacho, Madalina N Nan, Elena M G Diarte-Añazco, Eugènia Mato, Silvia Lope-Piedrafita, Núria Roglans, Juan Carlos Laguna, Núria Alonso, Dídac Mauricio, Antonio Zorzano, Francesc Villarroya, Josep A Villena, Francisco Blanco-Vaca, Josep Julve
• Journal: Molecular nutrition & food research (Mol Nutr Food Res) Vol. 65 Issue 11 Pg. e2100111 (06 2021) ISSN: 1613-4133 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 33870623 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Chemical References

• Niacinamide
• AMP-Activated Protein Kinases

Topics

• AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (metabolism)
• Adipocytes, Beige (drug effects)
• Adipose Tissue, Brown (drug effects, physiology)
• Adipose Tissue, White (drug effects, physiology)
• Animals
• Diet, High-Fat (adverse effects)
• Energy Metabolism (drug effects)
• Male
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Niacinamide (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (drug therapy, etiology)
• Obesity (etiology, prevention & control)
• Weight Gain (drug effects)
• Mice